Swift: How do I return a value within an asynchronous urlsession function?

问题

As you can see, I'm receiving a JSON file, parsing it using SwiftyJSON, and trying to return totalTime, but it won't let me. How do I do this?

func googleDuration(origin: String, destination: String) -> Int{
    // do calculations origin and destiantion with google distance matrix api

    let originFix = origin.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(" ", withString: "+", options: NSStringCompareOptions.LiteralSearch, range: nil);
    let destinationFix = destination.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(" ", withString: "+", options: NSStringCompareOptions.LiteralSearch, range: nil);

    let urlAsString = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/distancematrix/json?origins="+originFix+"&destinations="+destinationFix;
    println(urlAsString);

    let url = NSURL(string: urlAsString)!
    let urlSession = NSURLSession.sharedSession()

    let task = urlSession.dataTaskWithURL(url, completionHandler: {data, response, error -> Void in
        if error != nil {
            // If there is an error in the web request, print it to the console
            println(error.localizedDescription)
        }

        println("parsing JSON");
        let json = JSON(data: data);
        if (json["status"].stringValue == "OK") {
            if let totalTime = json["rows"][0]["elements"][0]["duration"]["value"].integerValue {
                println(totalTime);
            }
        }
    })
    task.resume();
}

回答1:

You should add your own completionHandler closure parameter and call it when the task completes:

func googleDuration(origin: String, destination: String, completionHandler: (Int?, NSError?) -> Void ) -> NSURLSessionTask {
    // do calculations origin and destiantion with google distance matrix api

    let originFix = origin.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(" ", withString: "+", options: NSStringCompareOptions.LiteralSearch, range: nil);
    let destinationFix = destination.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(" ", withString: "+", options: NSStringCompareOptions.LiteralSearch, range: nil);

    let urlAsString = "https://maps.googleapis.com/maps/api/distancematrix/json?origins="+originFix+"&destinations="+destinationFix
    println(urlAsString)

    let url = NSURL(string: urlAsString)!
    let urlSession = NSURLSession.sharedSession()

    let task = urlSession.dataTaskWithURL(url) { data, response, error -> Void in
        if error != nil {
            // If there is an error in the web request, print it to the console
            // println(error.localizedDescription)
            completionHandler(nil, error)
            return
        }

        //println("parsing JSON");
        let json = JSON(data: data)
        if (json["status"].stringValue == "OK") {
            if let totalTime = json["rows"][0]["elements"][0]["duration"]["value"].integerValue {
                // println(totalTime);
                completionHandler(totalTime, nil)
                return
            }
            let totalTimeError = NSError(domain: kAppDomain, code: kTotalTimeError, userInfo: nil) // populate this any way you prefer
            completionHandler(nil, totalTimeError)
        }
        let jsonError = NSError(domain: kAppDomain, code: kJsonError, userInfo: nil) // again, populate this as you prefer
        completionHandler(nil, jsonError)
    }
    task.resume()
    return task
}

I'd also have this return the NSURLSessionTask in case the caller wants to be able to cancel the task.

Anyway, you'd call this like so:

googleDuration(origin, destination: destination) { totalTime, error in
    if let totalTime = totalTime {
        // use totalTime here
    } else {
        // handle error     
    }
}

回答2:

Another example:

   class func getExchangeRate(#baseCurrency: String, foreignCurrency:String, completion: ((result:Double?) -> Void)!){
    let baseURL = kAPIEndPoint
    let query = String(baseCurrency)+"_"+String(foreignCurrency)

    var finalExchangeRate = 0.0
    if let url = NSURL(string: baseURL + query) {
        NSURLSession.sharedSession().dataTaskWithURL(url) { data, response, error in

            if ((data) != nil) {
                let jsonDictionary:NSDictionary = NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(data!, options: nil, error: nil) as NSDictionary

                if let results = jsonDictionary["results"] as? NSDictionary{
                    if let queryResults = results[query] as? NSDictionary{
                        if let exchangeRate = queryResults["val"] as? Double{
                            let priority = DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT
                            dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(priority, 0)) {
                                dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue()) {
                                    completion(result: exchangeRate)
                                }
                            }

                        }
                    }
                }
            }
            else {
                completion(result: nil)
            }

        }.resume()
    }
}

Call:

 Currency.getExchangeRate(baseCurrency: "USD", foreignCurrency: "EUR") { (result) -> Void in
        if let exchangeValue = result {
            print(exchangeValue)
        }
    }

回答3:

Another example:

func getJason(url: NSURL, completionHandler: (String?, NSError?) -> Void ) -> NSURLSessionTask {

    var finalData: String!
    let task = NSURLSession.sharedSession().dataTaskWithURL(url) { (data, response, error) -> Void in

        if error != nil{

            completionHandler(nil, error)
            return
        }
        else{

        if let urlContent = data{

            do{
                let jsonData = try NSJSONSerialization.JSONObjectWithData(urlContent, options: NSJSONReadingOptions.MutableContainers)

                if let ip = jsonData["ip"]{

                    finalData = ip as? String
                    completionHandler(finalData, nil)
                    return
                }

            }catch{
                print("EMPTY")
            }

        }

    }
}
    task.resume()
    return task
}

Then i called it in the viewDidLoad

getJason(url) { (ipAddress, error) -> Void in

        if error != nil{

            print(error)
        }
        else{
            if let ip = ipAddress{          //To get rid of optional

        self.ipLabelDisplay.text = "Your Ip Address is: \(ip)"

            }

        }
    }

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27081062/swift-how-do-i-return-a-value-within-an-asynchronous-urlsession-function