1.根据P4教程,将basic和basic_tunnel两个案例程序补充完整,成功运行。
1.basic
编辑代码如下
/* -*- P4_16 -*- */ #include <core.p4> #include <v1model.p4> const bit<16> TYPE_IPV4 = 0x800; /************************************************************************* *********************** H E A D E R S *********************************** *************************************************************************/ typedef bit<9> egressSpec_t; typedef bit<48> macAddr_t; typedef bit<32> ip4Addr_t; header ethernet_t { macAddr_t dstAddr; macAddr_t srcAddr; bit<16> etherType; } header ipv4_t { bit<4> version; bit<4> ihl; bit<8> diffserv; bit<16> totalLen; bit<16> identification; bit<3> flags; bit<13> fragOffset; bit<8> ttl; bit<8> protocol; bit<16> hdrChecksum; ip4Addr_t srcAddr; ip4Addr_t dstAddr; } struct metadata { /* empty */ } struct headers { ethernet_t ethernet; ipv4_t ipv4; } /************************************************************************* *********************** P A R S E R *********************************** *************************************************************************/ parser MyParser(packet_in packet, out headers hdr, inout metadata meta, inout standard_metadata_t standard_metadata) { state start { transition parse_ethernet; /*解析以太包头*/ } state parse_ethernet { packet.extract(hdr.ethernet); /*根据定义的数据结构提取以太包头*/ transition select(hdr.ethernet.etherType) { /*根据协议类型选择下一个状态*/ 0x0800: parse_ipv4; /*设置为0x0800,parse_ipv4状态*/ default: accept; /*默认设置为接受*/ } } state parse_ipv4 { packet.extract(hdr.ipv4); /*提取ip包的头部*/ transition accept; } } /************************************************************************* ************ C H E C K S U M V E R I F I C A T I O N ************* *************************************************************************/ control MyVerifyChecksum(inout headers hdr, inout metadata meta) { apply { } } /************************************************************************* ************** I N G R E S S P R O C E S S I N G ******************* *************************************************************************/ control MyIngress(inout headers hdr, inout metadata meta, inout standard_metadata_t standard_metadata) { action drop() { mark_to_drop(); } action ipv4_forward(macAddr_t dstAddr, egressSpec_t port) { hdr.ethernet.srcAddr = hdr.ethernet.dstAddr; /*原数据包的源地址改为目的地址*/ hdr.ethernet.dstAddr = dstAddr; standard_metadata.egress_spec = port; /*从参数中获取要输出的端口*/ hdr.ipv4.ttl = hdr.ipv4.ttl - 1; } table ipv4_lpm { key = { hdr.ipv4.dstAddr: lpm; } actions = { ipv4_forward; drop; NoAction; } size = 1024; default_action = NoAction(); } apply { if (hdr.ipv4.isValid()) { ipv4_lpm.apply(); /*这里要求搞定入口协议逻辑编写,即数据包处理逻辑,条件是ipv4头部有效时ipv4_lpm可以使用*/ } } } /************************************************************************* **************** E G R E S S P R O C E S S I N G ******************* *************************************************************************/ control MyEgress(inout headers hdr, inout metadata meta, inout standard_metadata_t standard_metadata) { apply { } } /************************************************************************* ************* C H E C K S U M C O M P U T A T I O N ************** *************************************************************************/ control MyComputeChecksum(inout headers hdr, inout metadata meta) { apply { update_checksum( hdr.ipv4.isValid(), { hdr.ipv4.version, hdr.ipv4.ihl, hdr.ipv4.diffserv, hdr.ipv4.totalLen, hdr.ipv4.identification, hdr.ipv4.flags, hdr.ipv4.fragOffset, hdr.ipv4.ttl, hdr.ipv4.protocol, hdr.ipv4.srcAddr, hdr.ipv4.dstAddr }, hdr.ipv4.hdrChecksum, HashAlgorithm.csum16); } } /************************************************************************* *********************** D E P A R S E R ******************************* *************************************************************************/ control MyDeparser(packet_out packet, in headers hdr) { /*数据包重组*/ apply { packet.emit(hdr.ethernet); packet.emit(hdr.ipv4); } } /************************************************************************* *********************** S W I T C H ******************************* *************************************************************************/ V1Switch( MyParser(), MyVerifyChecksum(), MyIngress(), MyEgress(), MyComputeChecksum(), MyDeparser() ) main;
在basic文件夹路径下打开终端,输入make run编译运行
pingall测试连通性
2.补充并运行basic_tunnel
/* -*- P4_16 -*- */ #include <core.p4> #include <v1model.p4> const bit<16> TYPE_MYTUNNEL = 0x1212; const bit<16> TYPE_IPV4 = 0x800; /************************************************************************* *********************** H E A D E R S *********************************** *************************************************************************/ typedef bit<9> egressSpec_t; typedef bit<48> macAddr_t; typedef bit<32> ip4Addr_t; header ethernet_t { macAddr_t dstAddr; macAddr_t srcAddr; bit<16> etherType; } header myTunnel_t { bit<16> proto_id; bit<16> dst_id; } header ipv4_t { bit<4> version; bit<4> ihl; bit<8> diffserv; bit<16> totalLen; bit<16> identification; bit<3> flags; bit<13> fragOffset; bit<8> ttl; bit<8> protocol; bit<16> hdrChecksum; ip4Addr_t srcAddr; ip4Addr_t dstAddr; } struct metadata { /* empty */ } struct headers { ethernet_t ethernet; myTunnel_t myTunnel; ipv4_t ipv4; } /************************************************************************* *********************** P A R S E R *********************************** *************************************************************************/ parser MyParser(packet_in packet, out headers hdr, inout metadata meta, inout standard_metadata_t standard_metadata) { state start { transition parse_ethernet; } state parse_ethernet { packet.extract(hdr.ethernet); transition select(hdr.ethernet.etherType) { TYPE_MYTUNNEL: parse_myTunnel; TYPE_IPV4: parse_ipv4; default: accept; } } state parse_myTunnel { packet.extract(hdr.myTunnel); transition select(hdr.myTunnel.proto_id) { TYPE_IPV4: parse_ipv4; default: accept; } } state parse_ipv4 { packet.extract(hdr.ipv4); transition accept; } } /************************************************************************* ************ C H E C K S U M V E R I F I C A T I O N ************* *************************************************************************/ control MyVerifyChecksum(inout headers hdr, inout metadata meta) { apply { } } /************************************************************************* ************** I N G R E S S P R O C E S S I N G ******************* *************************************************************************/ control MyIngress(inout headers hdr, inout metadata meta, inout standard_metadata_t standard_metadata) { action drop() { mark_to_drop(standard_metadata); } action ipv4_forward(macAddr_t dstAddr, egressSpec_t port) { standard_metadata.egress_spec = port; hdr.ethernet.srcAddr = hdr.ethernet.dstAddr; hdr.ethernet.dstAddr = dstAddr; hdr.ipv4.ttl = hdr.ipv4.ttl - 1; } table ipv4_lpm { key = { hdr.ipv4.dstAddr: lpm; } actions = { ipv4_forward; drop; NoAction; } size = 1024; default_action = drop(); } action myTunnel_forward(egressSpec_t port) { standard_metadata.egress_spec = port; } table myTunnel_exact { key = { hdr.myTunnel.dst_id: exact; } actions = { myTunnel_forward; drop; } size = 1024; default_action = drop(); } apply { if (hdr.ipv4.isValid() && !hdr.myTunnel.isValid()) { // Process only non-tunneled IPv4 packets ipv4_lpm.apply(); } if (hdr.myTunnel.isValid()) { // process tunneled packets myTunnel_exact.apply(); } } } /************************************************************************* **************** E G R E S S P R O C E S S I N G ******************* *************************************************************************/ control MyEgress(inout headers hdr, inout metadata meta, inout standard_metadata_t standard_metadata) { apply { } } /************************************************************************* ************* C H E C K S U M C O M P U T A T I O N ************** *************************************************************************/ control MyComputeChecksum(inout headers hdr, inout metadata meta) { apply { update_checksum( hdr.ipv4.isValid(), { hdr.ipv4.version, hdr.ipv4.ihl, hdr.ipv4.diffserv, hdr.ipv4.totalLen, hdr.ipv4.identification, hdr.ipv4.flags, hdr.ipv4.fragOffset, hdr.ipv4.ttl, hdr.ipv4.protocol, hdr.ipv4.srcAddr, hdr.ipv4.dstAddr }, hdr.ipv4.hdrChecksum, HashAlgorithm.csum16); } } /************************************************************************* *********************** D E P A R S E R ******************************* *************************************************************************/ control MyDeparser(packet_out packet, in headers hdr) { apply { packet.emit(hdr.ethernet); packet.emit(hdr.myTunnel); packet.emit(hdr.ipv4); } } /************************************************************************* *********************** S W I T C H ******************************* *************************************************************************/ V1Switch( MyParser(), MyVerifyChecksum(), MyIngress(), MyEgress(), MyComputeChecksum(), MyDeparser() ) main;
进入basic_tunnel所在文件夹,命令make run编译运行
在mininet命令提示符界面输入xterm h1 h2来模拟两个终端
主机h1向主机h2发送信息"P4 is cool"
检查主机2的xterm界面,可以看到已经接收到了信息,内容包括以太头部,IP头部,TCP头部以及发送的信息
主机1更改dst_id,再次发送消息
检查主机2的xterm界面,可以看到已经接收到了信息,IP地址变更为了主机3的地址,这是因为交换机不再使用IP头部数据来定位,而是用数据包中的隧道头部数据来定位
对P4的认识和体会
P4属于高级语言,克服了OpenFlow协议的局限性,可以自主定义我们想要的数据面。进而再通过南向协议添加流表项,可以更方便地定位数据包发送的目标地址。
来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/cmsimple/p/12045483.html