Lagom: Asynchronous Operations in Command Handlers

问题

In Lagom, what do you do when a command handler must perform some asynchronous operations? For example:

override def behavior = Actions().onCommand[MyCommand, Done] {
  case (cmd, ctx, state) =>
    // some complex code that performs asynchronous operations
    // (for example, querying other persistent entities or the read-side
    // by making calls that return Future[...] and composing those),
    // as summarized in a placeholder below:
    val events: Future[Seq[Event]] = ???
    events map {
      xs => ctx.thenPersistAll(xs: _*) { () => ctx.reply(Done) }
    }
}

The problem with the code like that is that the compiler expects the command handler to return Persist, not Future[Persist].

Is this done on purpose, to make sure that the events are persisted in the correct order (that is, the events generated by a prior command must be saved before the events generated by a later command)? But can't that be handled by proper management of the event offsets, so that the journal always orders them correctly, regardless of when they are actually saved?

And what does one do in situations like this, when the command handling is complex enough to require making asynchronous calls from the command handler?

回答1:

There is a similar question on the mailing list with an answer from James. https://groups.google.com/forum/?utm_medium=email&utm_source=footer#!topic/lagom-framework/Z6lynjNTqgE

In short, your entity in a CQRS application is a consistency boundary and should only depend on data that it's immediately available inside it, not outside (no call to external services).

What you are probably looking for a what it's called Command Enrichment. You receive an request, collect some data from external services and build a command containing everything you need to send to your Entity.

You certainly should not query the read-side to make business decisions inside your write-side entity. You also should not make business decisions on data coming from other entities.

Your entity should be able to make all the decision because it is the consistency boundary of your model.

回答2:

What I've been doing in these cases is to pass the PersistentEntityRef to the asynchronous operation, so that it can issue commands to the entity and its those command-handlers (not the one that spawned the async computation) that then persist the events.

Just bear in mind that none of this is atomic, so you have to think about what happens if the asynchronous operation fails midway through issuing the commands or if some commands succeed and some fail, etc. Presumably you'll want some retry mechanism for systemic failures. If you build your command-handlers to be idempotent, it will help you deal with the duplicates.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44397010/lagom-asynchronous-operations-in-command-handlers