问题
I am running my development on Ubuntu 11.10, and RubyMine
Here is my development settings for the database.yml: which RubyMine created for me
development:
adapter: postgresql
encoding: unicode
database: mydb_development
pool: 5
username: myuser
password:
when I try to run the app, I get this error below, it seems that I didn't create a 'project' user yet, but, how can I create a user and grant it a database in postgres ? if this is the problem, then, what is the recommended tool to use in Ubuntu for this task ? if this is not the problem, then, please advice.
Exiting
/home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1194:in `initialize': FATAL: Peer authentication failed for user "project" (PG::Error)
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1194:in `new'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:1194:in `connect'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:329:in `initialize'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in `new'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb:28:in `postgresql_connection'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:303:in `new_connection'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:313:in `checkout_new_connection'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:237:in `block (2 levels) in checkout'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:232:in `loop'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:232:in `block in checkout'
from /home/sam/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p0/lib/ruby/1.9.1/monitor.rb:211:in `mon_synchronize'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:229:in `checkout'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:95:in `connection'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:398:in `retrieve_connection'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:168:in `retrieve_connection'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_specification.rb:142:in `connection'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb:308:in `clear_cache!'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activerecord-3.2.3/lib/active_record/railtie.rb:91:in `block (2 levels) in <class:Railtie>'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:418:in `_run__757346023__prepare__404863399__callbacks'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:405:in `__run_callback'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:385:in `_run_prepare_callbacks'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:81:in `run_callbacks'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb:74:in `prepare!'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/actionpack-3.2.3/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/reloader.rb:48:in `prepare!'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/application/finisher.rb:47:in `block in <module:Finisher>'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `instance_exec'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:30:in `run'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:55:in `block in run_initializers'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `each'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/initializable.rb:54:in `run_initializers'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/application.rb:136:in `initialize!'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/railtie/configurable.rb:30:in `method_missing'
from /home/sam/RubymineProjects/project/config/environment.rb:5:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `block in require'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:236:in `load_dependency'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/activesupport-3.2.3/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:251:in `require'
from /home/sam/RubymineProjects/project/config.ru:4:in `block in <main>'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:51:in `instance_eval'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:51:in `initialize'
from /home/sam/RubymineProjects/project/config.ru:1:in `new'
from /home/sam/RubymineProjects/project/config.ru:1:in `<main>'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `eval'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/builder.rb:40:in `parse_file'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/server.rb:200:in `app'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:46:in `app'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/server.rb:301:in `wrapped_app'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/rack-1.4.1/lib/rack/server.rb:252:in `start'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:70:in `start'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:55:in `block in <top (required)>'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `tap'
from /home/sam/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p0@project/gems/railties-3.2.3/lib/rails/commands.rb:50:in `<top (required)>'
from /home/sam/RubymineProjects/project/script/rails:6:in `require'
from /home/sam/RubymineProjects/project/script/rails:6:in `<top (required)>'
from -e:1:in `load'
from -e:1:in `<main>'
Process finished with exit code 1
回答1:
If you installed postresql on your server then just host: localhost to database.yml, I usually throw it in around where it says pool: 5. Otherwise if it's not localhost definitely tell that app where to find its database.
development:
adapter: postgresql
encoding: unicode
database: kickrstack_development
host: localhost
pool: 5
username: kickrstack
password: secret
Make sure your user credentials are set correctly by creating a database and assigning ownership to your app's user to establish the connection. To create a new user in postgresql 9 run:
sudo -u postgres psql
set the postgresql user password if you haven't, it's just backslash password.
postgres=# \password
Create a new user and password and the user's new database:
postgres=# create user "guy_on_stackoverflow" with password 'keepitonthedl';
postgres=# create database "dcaclab_development" owner "guy_on_stackoverflow";
Now update your database.yml file after you've confirmed creating the database, user, password and set these privileges. Don't forget host: localhost.
回答2:
This is the most foolproof way to get your rails app working with postgres in the development environment in Ubuntu 13.10.
1) Create rails app with postgres YAML and 'pg' gem in the Gemfile:
$ rails new my_application -d postgresql
2) Give it some CRUD functionality. If you're just seeing if postgres works, create a scaffold:
$ rails g scaffold cats name:string age:integer colour:string
3) As of rails 4.0.1 the -d postgresql option generates a YAML that doesn't include a host parameter. I found I needed this. Edit the development section and create the following parameters:
encoding: UTF-8
host: localhost
database: my_application_development
username: thisismynewusername
password: thisismynewpassword
Note the database parameter is for a database that doesn't exit yet, and the username and password are credentials for a role that doesn't exist either. We'll create those later on!
This is how config/database.yml should look (no shame in copypasting :D ):
development:
adapter: postgresql
pool: 5
# these are our new parameters
encoding: UTF-8
database: my_application_development
host: localhost
username: thisismynewusername
password: thisismynewpassword
test:
# this won't work
adapter: postgresql
encoding: unicode
database: my_application_test
pool: 5
username: my_application
password:
production:
# this won't work
adapter: postgresql
encoding: unicode
database: my_application_production
pool: 5
username: my_application
password:
4) Start the postgres shell with this command:
$ psql
4a) You may get this error if your current user (as in your computer user) doesn't have a corresponding administration postgres role.
psql: FATAL: role "your_username" does not exist
Now I've only installed postgres once, so I may be wrong here, but I think postgres automatically creates an administration role with the same credentials as the user you installed postgres as.
4b) So this means you need to change to the user that installed postgres to use the psql command and start the shell:
$ sudo su postgres
And then run
$ psql
5) You'll know you're in the postgres shell because your terminal will look like this:
$ psql
psql (9.1.10)
Type "help" for help.
postgres=#
6) Using the postgresql syntax, let's create the user we specified in config/database.yml's development section:
postgres=# CREATE ROLE thisismynewusername WITH LOGIN PASSWORD 'thisismynewpassword';
Now, there's some subtleties here so let's go over them.
- The role's username, thisismynewusername, does not have quotes of any kind around it
- Specify the keyword LOGIN after the WITH. If you don't, the role will still be created, but it won't be able to log in to the database!
- The role's password, thisismynewpassword, needs to be in single quotes. Not double quotes.
- Add a semi colon on the end ;)
You should see this in your terminal:
postgres=#
CREATE ROLE
postgres=#
That means, "ROLE CREATED", but postgres' alerts seem to adopt the same imperative conventions of git hub.
7) Now, still in the postgres shell, we need to create the database with the name we set in the YAML. Make the user we created in step 6 its owner:
postgres=# CREATE DATABASE my_application_development OWNER thisismynewusername;
You'll know if you were successful because you'll get the output:
CREATE DATABASE
8) Quit the postgres shell:
\q
9) Now the moment of truth:
$ RAILS_ENV=development rake db:migrate
If you get this:
== CreateCats: migrating =================================================
-- create_table(:cats)
-> 0.0028s
== CreateCats: migrated (0.0028s) ========================================
Congratulations, postgres is working perfectly with your app.
9a) On my local machine, I kept getting a permission error. I can't remember it exactly, but it was an error along the lines of
Can't access the files. Change permissions to 666.
Though I'd advise thinking very carefully about recursively setting write privaledges on a production machine, locally, I gave my whole app read write privileges like this:
9b) Climb up one directory level:
$ cd ..
9c) Set the permissions of the my_application directory and all its contents to 666:
$ chmod -R 0666 my_application
9d) And run the migration again:
$ RAILS_ENV=development rake db:migrate
== CreateCats: migrating =================================================
-- create_table(:cats)
-> 0.0028s
== CreateCats: migrated (0.0028s) ========================================
Some tips and tricks if you muck up
Try these before restarting all of these steps:
The mynewusername user doesn't have privileges to CRUD to the my_app_development database? Drop the database and create it again with mynewusername as the owner:
1) Start the postgres shell:
$ psql
2) Drop the my_app_development database. Be careful! Drop means utterly delete!
postgres=# DROP DATABASE my_app_development;
3) Recreate another my_app_development and make mynewusername the owner:
postgres=# CREATE DATABASE my_application_development OWNER mynewusername;
4) Quit the shell:
postgres=# \q
The mynewusername user can't log into the database? Think you wrote the wrong password in the YAML and can't quite remember the password you entered using the postgres shell? Simply alter the role with the YAML password:
1) Open up your YAML, and copy the password to your clipboard:
development:
adapter: postgresql
pool: 5
# these are our new parameters
encoding: UTF-8
database: my_application_development
host: localhost
username: thisismynewusername
password: musthavebeenverydrunkwheniwrotethis
2) Start the postgres shell:
$ psql
3) Update mynewusername's password. Paste in the password, and remember to put single quotes around it:
postgres=# ALTER ROLE mynewusername PASSWORD `musthavebeenverydrunkwheniwrotethis`;
4) Quit the shell:
postgres=# \q
Trying to connect to localhost via a database viewer such as Dbeaver, and don't know what your postgres user's password is? Change it like this:
1) Run passwd as a superuser:
$ sudo passwd postgres
2) Enter your accounts password for sudo (nothing to do with postgres):
[sudo] password for starkers: myaccountpassword
3) Create the postgres account's new passwod:
Enter new UNIX password: databasesarefun
Retype new UNIX password: databasesarefun
passwd: password updated successfully
Getting this error message?:
Run `$ bin/rake db:create db:migrate` to create your database
$ rake db:create db:migrate
PG::InsufficientPrivilege: ERROR: permission denied to create database
4) You need to give your user the ability to create databases. From the psql shell:
ALTER ROLE thisismynewusername WITH CREATEDB
回答3:
For permanent solution:
The problem is with your pg_hba. This line:
local all postgres peer
Should be
local all postgres md5
Then restart your postgresql server after changing this file.
If you're on Linux, command would be
sudo service postgresql restart
回答4:
I was facing same problem on Ubuntu machine so I removed this error by following some steps. Switch to postgres user
$ sudo su - postgres
it will ask for password and by default password is postgres
After switch the user to postgres, open psql console
$ psql
so check the version of postgres if multiple versions are available
psql=# select VERSION();
PostgreSQL 9.1.13 on x86_64-unk.... # so version is 9.1
Now Open postgres user
vim /etc/postgresql/9.1/main/pg_hba.conf
9.1 is version return form upper command
and replace
local all postgres peer
to
local all postgres md5
Restart the service
sudo service postgresql restart
I write steps on my blog also
http://tarungarg402.blogspot.in/2014/10/set-up-postgresql-on-ubuntu.html
回答5:
You can go to your /var/lib/pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf file and add trust in place of Ident It worked for me.
local all all trust
host all 127.0.0.1/32 trust
For further details refer to this issue Ident authentication failed for user
回答6:
Adding host: localhost was the magic for me
development:
adapter: postgresql
database: database_name_here
host: localhost
username: user_name_here
回答7:
If you get that error message (Peer authentication failed for user (PG::Error)) when running unit tests, make sure the test database exists.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9987171/rails-3-2-fatal-peer-authentication-failed-for-user-pgerror