How to automatically push after committing in git?

问题

How do I set git to automatically push to a remote repo (including automatically providing my passphrase) after each commit to the local repo?

回答1:

First, make sure that you can push manually without providing your password. If you are pushing over HTTP or HTTPS, that will be a case of either creating a .netrc file with the login details or adding your username and password into the URL for the remote. If you're using SSH, you can either create a keypair where the private key doesn't have a password, or use ssh-agent to cache your private key.

Then you should create an executable (chmod +x) file in .git/hooks/post-commit that contains the following:

#!/bin/sh
git push origin master

... customizing that line if you want to push to a remote other than origin, or push a branch other than master. Make sure that you make that file executable.

回答2:

If you start using more than the master branch, you might want to automatically push the current branch. My hook (.git/hooks/post-commit) looks like this:

#!/usr/bin/env bash

branch_name=$(git symbolic-ref --short HEAD`)
retcode=$?
non_push_suffix="_local"

# Only push if branch_name was found (my be empty if in detached head state)
if [ $retcode -eq 0 ] ; then
    #Only push if branch_name does not end with the non-push suffix
    if [[ $branch_name != *$non_push_suffix ]] ; then
        echo
        echo "**** Pushing current branch $branch_name to origin [i4h post-commit hook]"
        echo
        git push origin $branch_name;
    fi
fi

It pushes the current branch, if it can determine the branch name with git symbolic-ref.

"How to get current branch name in Git?" deals with this and other ways to get the current branch name.

An automatic push for every branch can be disturbing when working in task branches where you expect some sausage making to happen (you won't be able to rebase easily after pushing). So the hook will not push branches that end with a defined suffix (in the example "_local").

回答3:

Create a file named "post-commit" in the .git/hooks directory with the contents "git push", though if you want to automatically provide a password, so modification will be needed.

回答4:

This git-autopush script allows you to setup a post-commit hook, similar to what has been recommended in "How configure automatic pushing?".
But for the passphrase, you need to run a ssh-agent.

回答5:

Here is simple instruction for pushing/pulling without providing passphrase over ssh for people using Linux and Windows(git bash)

On your client:

1. Check out if you have ssh keys generated:

   $ ls ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub; ls ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub
   /c/Users/Cermo/.ssh/id_rsa.pub  <-- I have RSA key
   ls: cannot access '/c/Users/Cermo/.ssh/id_dsa.pub': No such file or directory
   

2. If you don't have any key (two "ls: cannot access ..." lines) generate a new one. If you have any of the keys skip this step.

   $ ssh-keygen.exe
   Generating public/private rsa key pair.
   Enter file in which to save the key (/c/Users/Cermo/.ssh/id_rsa):
   Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): <-- press Enter
   Enter same passphrase again: <-- press Enter
   

3. Copy your key to remote server from which you want to pull or push using git:

   $ ssh-copy-id user_name@server_name
   /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to 
   filter out any that are already installed
   /usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you 
   are prompted now it is to install the new keys
   user_name@server_name's password:
   
   Number of key(s) added: 1
   
   Now try logging into the machine, with:   "ssh 'user_name@server_name'"
   and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
   

Note: You will have to provide password during this operation. After that your pull/push operations won't request password.

Note2: You have to log to the server using user_name at least once before using this procedure (home directory to which ssh keys are copied is created during first login)

回答6:

Here is bash script for git to automatically push to a remote repo

1. Automatically check ssh-agent
2. Automatically send passphrase using expect script
3. Usage is simply: $ cd /path/to/your/repository then $ push

Put this script to a file for example $HOME/.ssh/push

#!/bin/bash

# Check connection
ssh-add -l &>/dev/null
[[ "$?" == 2 ]] && eval `ssh-agent` > /dev/null

# Check if git config is configured
if [ ! $(git config user.name) ]
then 
    git config --global user.name <user_name>
    git config --global user.email <user_email>
fi

# Check if expect is installed
if [[ ! $(dpkg -l | grep expect) ]]
then 
    apt-get update > /dev/null
    apt-get install --assume-yes --no-install-recommends apt-utils expect > /dev/null
fi

# Check identity
ssh-add -l &>/dev/null
[[ "$?" == 1 ]] && expect $HOME/.ssh/agent > /dev/null

# Clean and push repo
REMOTE=$(git remote get-url origin)
URL=git@github.com:${REMOTE##*github.com/}
[[ $REMOTE == "http"* ]] && git remote set-url origin $URL
git add . && git commit -m "test automatically push to a remote repo"
git status && git push origin $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD) --force

Link it to /bin directory so it can be called by just $ push command

$ sudo ln -s $HOME/.ssh/push /bin/push
$ chmod +x /bin/push

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7925850/how-to-automatically-push-after-committing-in-git