问题
I'm trying to write a git alias that removes from the commit messages the string "[ci skip]" (placed at the end of the message), but I'm having problem with escaping. The alias takes all the commit from the one passed as argument to HEAD.
If I run the following command:
git filter-branch -f --msg-filter "sed -e \"s/\[ci skip\]$//g\"" master..HEAD
it works as expected. Anyway if I create the following alias:
unwip = !sh -c 'git filter-branch -f --msg-filter \"sed -e \\\"s/\[ci skip\]$//g\\\"\" $0..HEAD'
and I run git unwip master it complains about bad config, but I expect it to behave as the previous commads. How can I fix this?
回答1:
EDIT This solution doesn't work in all cases. Here is a correct solution which works in all cases.
I'm using bash as a command-line and the following alias worked for me:
unwip = "!f() { git filter-branch --msg-filter 'sed -e "s/[ci skip/]$/g"' $1..HEAD ; }; f"
The only downside is that you're specifying the interpreter and always using sh. In my case I'm relying on user's shell. Though I don't believe it will be a problem in any of major shells as we're doing just basic stuff.
回答2:
Generic solution
Getting a git alias to pass the parser correctly can be a mind-boggling set of \\\\" noise, so I created two aliases:
# Quote / unquote a sh command, converting it to / from a git alias string
quote-string = "!read -r l; printf \\\"!; printf %s \"$l\" | sed 's/\\([\\\"]\\)/\\\\\\1/g'; printf \" #\\\"\\n\" #"
quote-string-undo = "!read -r l; printf %s \"$l\" | sed 's/\\\\\\([\\\"]\\)/\\1/g'; printf \"\\n\" #"
This allows you to convert anything you could type into sh+, eg:
$ echo '\"'
\"
Into a quoted string fit for an alias:
$ git quote-string
echo '\"'
"!echo '\\\"' #"
To quote a multi-line string, I wrote a longer script, which I suggest you run as:
git quote-string |sponge
Answering OP's specific issue
Using git quote-string on the OP's command, I get:
"!git filter-branch -f --msg-filter \"sed -e \\\"s/\\[ci skip\\]$//g\\\"\" master..HEAD #"
So, to use the OP's preferred alias name, under [alias] in ~/.gitconfig, add:
unwip = "!git filter-branch -f --msg-filter \"sed -e \\\"s/\\[ci skip\\]$//g\\\"\" master..HEAD #"
Debugging
Sometimes it's nice to see what is going on under the hood. Try this alias:
debug = "!set -x; GIT_TRACE=2 GIT_CURL_VERBOSE=2 GIT_TRACE_PERFORMANCE=2 GIT_TRACE_PACK_ACCESS=2 GIT_TRACE_PACKET=2 GIT_TRACE_PACKFILE=2 GIT_TRACE_SETUP=2 GIT_TRACE_SHALLOW=2 git"
Just insert debug between git and whatever would usually follow, eg for the OP's question:
git debug unwip
+ git uses /bin/sh to execute aliases beginning with !*. To work around this, create a command line like: bash -c 'echo \\\"' and then pass this to git quote-string.
* See the "Debugging" heading for proof
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38057261/git-config-alias-escaping