Generic Decoders in Swift 4

问题

Currently I'm using this code to handle decoding some data:

private func parseJSON(_ data: Data) throws -> [ParsedType] 
{
    let decoder = JSONDecoder()
    let parsed = try decoder.decode([ParsedType].self, from: data)
    return parsed
}

private func parsePlist(_ data: Data) throws -> [ParsedType] 
{
    let decoder = PropertyListDecoder()
    let parsed = try decoder.decode([ParsedType].self, from: data)
    return parsed
}

Is there a way to create a generic method that ties all this repeated code together?

private func parse(_ data: Data, using decoder: /*Something*/) throws -> [ParsedType]
{
    let parsed = try decoder.decode([ParsedType].self, from: data)
    return parsed
}

回答1:

If you look at the swift stdlib for JSONEncoder and PropertyListDecoder you will see that they both share a method

func decode<T: Decodable >(_ type: T.Type, from data: Data) throws -> T

So you could create a protocol that has said method and conform both decoders to it:

protocol DecoderType {
    func decode<T: Decodable >(_ type: T.Type, from data: Data) throws -> T
}

extension JSONDecoder: DecoderType { }
extension PropertyListDecoder: DecoderType { }

And create your generic parse function like so:

func parseData(_ data: Data, with decoder: DecoderType) throws ->  [ParsedType] {
    return try decoder.decode([ParsedType].self, from: data)
}

回答2:

Decodable+Generic.swift

import Foundation

// Generic decode method for Decodable
func decode<T: Decodable>(data: Data) throws -> T {
    let decoder = JSONDecoder()
    return try decoder.decode(T.self, from: data)
}

Decodable+GenericTests.swift

import XCTest
@testable import YourProject

class Decodable_EncodableTests: XCTestCase {
    func testDecodableEncodable() {
        struct User: Decodable, Encodable {
            let name: String
            let sex: String
        }
        let json = """
        {
            "name": "Ronaldo",
            "sex": "Female"
        }
        """.data(using: .utf8)!

        do {
            // When
            let name = "Ronaldo"
            let sex = "Female"
            let user: User = try decode(data: json)

            // Then
            XCTAssertEqual(user.name, name)
            XCTAssertEqual(user.sex, sex)

        } catch let error {
            XCTFail(error.localizedDescription)
        }
    }
}

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49275745/generic-decoders-in-swift-4

标签

swift

generics

swift4

codable