Can I use unpack to split a string into characters in Perl?

问题

A common 'Perlism' is generating a list as something to loop over in this form:

for($str=~/./g) { print "the next character from \"$str\"=$_\n"; }

In this case the global match regex returns a list that is one character in turn from the string $str, and assigns that value to $_

Instead of a regex, split can be used in the same way or 'a'..'z', map, etc.

I am investigating unpack to generate a field by field interpretation of a string. I have always found unpack to be less straightforward to the way my brain works, and I have never really dug that deeply into it.

As a simple case, I want to generate a list that is one character in each element from a string using unpack (yes -- I know I can do it with split(//,$str) and /./g but I really want to see if unpack can be used this way...)

Obviously, I can use a field list for unpack that is unpack("A1" x length($str), $str) but is there some other way that kinda looks like globbing? ie, can I call unpack(some_format,$str) either in list context or in a loop such that unpack will return the next group of character in the format group until $str is exausted?

I have read The Perl 5.12 Pack pod and the Perl 5.12 pack tutorial and the Perkmonks tutorial

Here is the sample code:

#!/usr/bin/perl
use warnings;
use strict;

my $str=join('',('a'..'z', 'A'..'Z')); #the alphabet...  

$str=~s/(.{1,3})/$1 /g;                #...in groups of three
print "str=$str\n\n";

for ($str=~/./g) { 
 print "regex: = $_\n";
}

for(split(//,$str)) {
 print "split: \$_=$_\n";
}

for(unpack("A1" x length($str), $str)) {
 print "unpack: \$_=$_\n";
}

回答1:

pack and unpack templates can use parentheses to group things much like regexps can. The group can be followed by a repeat count. * as a repeat count means "repeat until you run out of things to pack/unpack".

for(unpack("(A1)*", $str)) {
    print "unpack: \$_=$_\n";
}

You'd have to run a benchmark to find out which of these is the fastest.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2677783/can-i-use-unpack-to-split-a-string-into-characters-in-perl

标签

perl

unpack