How can I correct my Python/pip configuration on OS X 10.8?

问题

I've got a MacBook Pro running OS X 10.8, Xcode 4.4 installed. I recently installed lxml, but when I went to import it I got the following:

MacBook-Pro:~ jedc$ sudo pip install lxml==2.3.5
Password:
Downloading/unpacking lxml==2.3.5
  Downloading lxml-2.3.5.tar.gz (3.2Mb): 3.2Mb downloaded
  Running setup.py egg_info for package lxml
    Building lxml version 2.3.5.
    Building without Cython.
    Using build configuration of libxslt 1.1.26
    warning: no previously-included files found matching '*.py'
Installing collected packages: lxml
  Running setup.py install for lxml
    Building lxml version 2.3.5.
    Building without Cython.
    Using build configuration of libxslt 1.1.26
    building 'lxml.etree' extension
    /usr/bin/cc -fno-strict-aliasing -O3 -w -pipe -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.1/include/python2.7 -c src/lxml/lxml.etree.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.4-x86_64-2.7/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o -w -flat_namespace
    /usr/bin/cc -L/usr/local/Cellar/readline/6.1/lib -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -L/usr/local/Cellar/readline/6.1/lib build/temp.macosx-10.4-x86_64-2.7/src/lxml/lxml.etree.o -lxslt -lexslt -lxml2 -lz -lm -o build/lib.macosx-10.4-x86_64-2.7/lxml/etree.so
    building 'lxml.objectify' extension
    /usr/bin/cc -fno-strict-aliasing -O3 -w -pipe -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -I/usr/include/libxml2 -I/usr/local/Cellar/python/2.7.1/include/python2.7 -c src/lxml/lxml.objectify.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.4-x86_64-2.7/src/lxml/lxml.objectify.o -w -flat_namespace
    /usr/bin/cc -L/usr/local/Cellar/readline/6.1/lib -bundle -undefined dynamic_lookup -L/usr/local/Cellar/readline/6.1/lib build/temp.macosx-10.4-x86_64-2.7/src/lxml/lxml.objectify.o -lxslt -lexslt -lxml2 -lz -lm -o build/lib.macosx-10.4-x86_64-2.7/lxml/objectify.so

Successfully installed lxml
Cleaning up...
MacBook-Pro:~ jedc$ python
Python 2.7.2 (v2.7.2:8527427914a2, Jun 11 2011, 15:22:34) 
[GCC 4.2.1 (Apple Inc. build 5666) (dot 3)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import lxml
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
ImportError: No module named lxml

I've clearly got something incorrectly configured since lxml was successfully installed but Python can't find it. Here's other information:

MacBook-Pro:~ jedc$ which python
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python
MacBook-Pro:~ jedc$ which pip
/usr/local/bin/pip
MacBook-Pro:~ jedc$ echo $PATH
/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/opt/X11/bin:/usr/local/go/bin:/Users/jedc/.rvm/bin

And my ~/.bash_profile contains this:

PATH="/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin:${PATH}"
export PATH

I've been advised that there's likely something I screwed up by (at some point previously) installing a non-Apple-default version of Python. Can anyone help me figure out what I need to do to diagnose this and then fix it?

回答1:

Your pip command is installed for a different python (one installed in /usr/local/bin. You'll find that for /usr/local/bin/python the import works.

You need to install pip seperately for your other python (the one in /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python) to have lxml installed for that python version.

Use /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/pip to ensure the correct pip command is used to install lxml once pip has been installed.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12503723/how-can-i-correct-my-python-pip-configuration-on-os-x-10-8

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