问题
I'm curious about the following situation. Let's say I have two projects named project_alpha and project_bravo, both defining a top-level namespace package mymeta. The layout:
project_alpha/
-> mymeta/
-> __init__.py
-> project_alpha/
-> __init__.py
-> version.py
-> setup.py
project_bravo/
-> mymeta/
-> __init__.py
-> project_bravo/
-> __init__.py
-> version.py
-> setup.py
Both mymeta/__init__.pys contain only the line __import__('pkg_resources').declare_namespace(__name__) (according to namespace section in setuptools docs). Contents of both version.pys:
__version_info__ = (0, 9, 9, 'dev0')
__version__ = '.'.join((str(entry) for entry in __version_info__))
The setup.py script for project_alpha is pretty simple. The namespace package mymeta is declared, and the version is taken from the version module:
# project_alpha
from setuptools import find_packages, setup
from mymeta.project_alpha.version import __version__
setup(
name='mymeta.project-alpha',
version=__version__,
namespace_packages=['mymeta'],
packages=find_packages(),
)
The setup.py script for project_bravo has the same structure, but with a twist: project_bravo depends on project_alpha when building:
from setuptools import find_packages, setup
from mymeta.project_bravo.version import __version__
setup(
name='mymeta.project-bravo',
version=__version__,
namespace_packages=['mymeta'],
setup_requires=['mymeta.project-alpha'],
packages=find_packages(),
)
When building project_bravo, I get the following error:
~/project_bravo $ python setup.py sdist
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 156, in save_modules
yield saved
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 197, in setup_context
yield
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 246, in run_setup
DirectorySandbox(setup_dir).run(runner)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 276, in run
return func()
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 245, in runner
_execfile(setup_script, ns)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 47, in _execfile
exec(code, globals, locals)
File "/tmp/easy_install-ahmxos98/mymeta.project-alpha-0.9.9.dev0/setup.py", line 6, in <module>
try:
ImportError: No module named 'mymeta.project_alpha'
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "setup.py", line 22, in <module>
packages=find_packages(),
File "/usr/lib64/python3.5/distutils/core.py", line 108, in setup
_setup_distribution = dist = klass(attrs)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 315, in __init__
self.fetch_build_eggs(attrs['setup_requires'])
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 361, in fetch_build_eggs
replace_conflicting=True,
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 853, in resolve
dist = best[req.key] = env.best_match(req, ws, installer)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1125, in best_match
return self.obtain(req, installer)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pkg_resources/__init__.py", line 1137, in obtain
return installer(requirement)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 429, in fetch_build_egg
return cmd.easy_install(req)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 665, in easy_install
return self.install_item(spec, dist.location, tmpdir, deps)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 695, in install_item
dists = self.install_eggs(spec, download, tmpdir)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 876, in install_eggs
return self.build_and_install(setup_script, setup_base)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1115, in build_and_install
self.run_setup(setup_script, setup_base, args)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/command/easy_install.py", line 1101, in run_setup
run_setup(setup_script, args)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 249, in run_setup
raise
File "/usr/lib64/python3.5/contextlib.py", line 77, in __exit__
self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 197, in setup_context
yield
File "/usr/lib64/python3.5/contextlib.py", line 77, in __exit__
self.gen.throw(type, value, traceback)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 168, in save_modules
saved_exc.resume()
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 143, in resume
six.reraise(type, exc, self._tb)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/pkg_resources/_vendor/six.py", line 685, in reraise
raise value.with_traceback(tb)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 156, in save_modules
yield saved
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 197, in setup_context
yield
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 246, in run_setup
DirectorySandbox(setup_dir).run(runner)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 276, in run
return func()
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 245, in runner
_execfile(setup_script, ns)
File "/tmp/tstenv/lib/python3.5/site-packages/setuptools/sandbox.py", line 47, in _execfile
exec(code, globals, locals)
File "/tmp/easy_install-ahmxos98/mymeta.project-alpha-0.9.9.dev0/setup.py", line 6, in <module>
try:
ImportError: No module named 'mymeta.project_alpha'
Unfortunately, I don't understand the error here. It has something to do with the imports order, right? If I comment out the import of mymeta.project_bravo.version in project_bravo/setup.py and replace the version with some hard-coded string, suddenly the build succeeds...
Edit: I introduced a workaround for this issue. Instead of trying to import the version directly, I exec the version module to avoid the import problems. Of course, this is not a proper solution, thus not posting this as answer, but still here it is:
__version__ = None # if the exec fails, leave the version unset, the resulting build version will be 0.0.0
version_script_path = os.path.relpath(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'mymeta', 'project_alpha', 'version.py'))
with open(version_script_path) as version_script:
exec(version_script.read())
After the version script is read and executed, the version is initialized, thus no need to import anything from mymeta package.
回答1:
As mentioned in the comments: The command
$ python setup.py sdist
for mymeta.project_bravo downloads an egg of mymeta.project_alpha from a private pypi repo.
Namespace packages are very delicate concerning their imports.
e.g. I found out that when I install ns.a and ns.b regularly in my environment and supply the import path of ns.d in a .pth file in the site-packages directory, it will not work, no matter what. However when I symlink to ns.d in site-packeges/ns directory it will work.
If I install none of the components and supply all paths in a .pth in the site-packages directory, everything works fine.
If I install all of the components regularly also everything works fine.
Just when I mix concepts it will not work.
Therefore I suspect that this might also be the issue here: Different strategies for the import paths.
You might want to try to modify your __init__.py file to:
from pkgutil import extend_path
__path__ = extend_path(__path__, __name__)
__import__('pkg_resources').declare_namespace(__name__)
I regret my decision to do namespace packages. I would never do it again.
回答2:
Almost one year later, I once again faced this issue and the solution for python>=3.3 is to use implicit namespace packages as specified in PEP 420. The project structure is barely changed, just both the __init__.pys for pkgutil-style namespace package mymeta are gone:
project_alpha/
-> mymeta/
-> project_alpha/
-> __init__.py
-> version.py
-> setup.py
project_bravo/
-> mymeta/
-> project_bravo/
-> __init__.py
-> version.py
-> setup.py
To make setuptools happy, both setup scripts need to be adjusted as well:
...
setup(
...
packages=['mymeta.' + pkg for pkg in find_packages('mymeta')],
)
Now the imports will be resolved correctly when building project-bravo.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/39787557/packages-in-same-namespace-cant-import-module-in-setup-script