Python printing attributes with no __dict__

问题

I am having trouble with scripting bridge for python

I am trying to list the attributes of the iTunes object

iTunes = SBApplication.applicationWithBundleIdentifier_("com.apple.iTunes")

using

>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> from Foundation import *
>>> from ScriptingBridge import *
>>> iTunes = SBApplication.applicationWithBundleIdentifier_("com.apple.iTunes")
>>> pprint (vars(iTunes))

I get back

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: vars() argument must have __dict__ attribute

anyone know how to get around this?

回答1:

Try dir(iTunes). It's similar to vars, but more directly used with objects.

回答2:

for something similar to vars(obj), when obj is not accessible as a dict, I use a kludge like this:

>>> obj = open('/tmp/test.tmp')
>>> print vars(obj)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
TypeError: vars() argument must have __dict__ attribute
>>> print dict([attr, getattr(obj, attr)] for attr in dir(obj) if not attr.startswith('_'))

{'softspace': 0, 'encoding': None, 'flush': <built-in method flush of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'readlines': <built-in method readlines of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'xreadlines': <built-in method xreadlines of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'close': <built-in method close of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'seek': <built-in method seek of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'newlines': None, 'errors': None, 'readinto': <built-in method readinto of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'next': <method-wrapper 'next' of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'write': <built-in method write of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'closed': False, 'tell': <built-in method tell of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'isatty': <built-in method isatty of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'truncate': <built-in method truncate of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'read': <built-in method read of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'readline': <built-in method readline of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'fileno': <built-in method fileno of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'writelines': <built-in method writelines of file object at 0xf7472b20>, 'name': '/tmp/test.tmp', 'mode': 'r'}

I'm sure this could be improved upon, such as to filter out functions with if not callable(getattr(obj, attr):

>>> print dict([attr, getattr(obj, attr)] for attr in dir(obj) if not attr.startswith('_') and not callable(getattr(obj, attr)))
{'errors': None, 'name': '/tmp/test.tmp', 'encoding': None, 'softspace': 0, 'mode': 'r', 'closed': False, 'newlines': None}

回答3:

This comes pretty late, but for a different problem (but the same error), the following worked for me:

json.dumps(your_variable)

Make sure you have imported JSON in your script before this.

import json

You will need to find a way to read JSON in a clean format.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14411028/python-printing-attributes-with-no-dict