How do I send arbitrary JSON data, with a custom header, to a REST server?

问题

TL;DR -- How do I send a JSON string to a REST host with an auth header? I've tried 3 different approaches found one that works with anonymous types. Why can't I use anonymous types? I need to set a variable called "Group-Name", and a hyphen isn't a valid C# identifier.

Background

I need to POST JSON but am unable to get the body and the content type correct

Function #1 - Works with anonymous types

The content type and data is correct, but I don't want to use anonymous types. I want to use a string

  static void PostData(string restURLBase, string RESTUrl, string AuthToken, string postBody)
    {
        HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
        client.BaseAddress = new Uri(restURLBase);
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Auth-Token", AuthToken);
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));

        // StringContent content = new StringContent(postBody);

        var test1 = "data1";
        var test2 = "data2";
        var test3 = "data3";

        var response = client.PostAsJsonAsync(RESTUrl, new { test1, test2, test3}).Result;  // Blocking call!
        if (!response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})", (int)response.StatusCode, response.ReasonPhrase);
            return;
        } 
    }

Output #1

Content type and data is correct when using AnonymousTypes + PostAsJsonAsync, but I don't want to use anonymous types.

POST https://api.dynect.net/REST/Zone/ABCqqqqqqqqqqqqYYYYYtes3ss.com HTTP/1.1
Auth-Token: --- REDACTED -----
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
Host: api.dynect.net
Content-Length: 49
Expect: 100-continue

{"test1":"data1","test2":"data2","test3":"data3"}

Function #2 - Doesn't work as expected

Take a string and put it into a StringContent object. This has a side effect of changing the content type.

  static void PostData(string restURLBase, string RESTUrl, string AuthToken, string postBody)
    {
        HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
        client.BaseAddress = new Uri(restURLBase);
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Auth-Token", AuthToken);
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));

        StringContent content = new StringContent(postBody);

        var response = client.PostAsync(RESTUrl, content).Result;  // Blocking call!
        if (!response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})", (int)response.StatusCode, response.ReasonPhrase);
            return;
        } 
    }

Output #2

Content type is wrong when using StringContent + PostAsync

POST https://api.dynect.net/REST/Zone/ABCqqqqqqqqqqqqYYYYYtes3ss.com HTTP/1.1
Auth-Token: ---- REDACTED -------
Accept: application/json                      // CORRECT
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8       // WRONG!!!
Host: api.dynect.net
Content-Length: 100
Expect: 100-continue

{"rdata" : ["rname" : "dynect.nfp.com", "zone" : "ABCqqqqqqqqqqqqYYYYYtes3ss.com"], "ttl" : "43200"}
        // ^^ THIS IS CORRECT

Function #3 - Doesn't work as expected

Since I know PostAsJsonAsync sets the contentType correctly, lets use that method. (doesn't work)

    static void PostData(string restURLBase, string RESTUrl, string AuthToken, string postBody)
    {
        HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
        client.BaseAddress = new Uri(restURLBase);
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("Auth-Token", AuthToken);
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Accept.Add(new MediaTypeWithQualityHeaderValue("application/json"));

        StringContent content = new StringContent(postBody);

        var response = client.PostAsJsonAsync(RESTUrl, content).Result;  // Blocking call!
        if (!response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0} ({1})", (int)response.StatusCode, response.ReasonPhrase);
            return;
        } 
    }

Output #3

Content type is correct, POST body is wrong when using StringContent + PostAsJsonAsync

POST https://api.dynect.net/REST/Zone/ABCqqqqqqqqqqqqYYYYYtes3ss.com HTTP/1.1
Auth-Token: -- REDACTED ---
Accept: application/json
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8
Host: api.dynect.net
Content-Length: 74
Expect: 100-continue

{"Headers":[{"Key":"Content-Type","Value":["text/plain; charset=utf-8"]}]}

Question

All I want to do is send JSON as a string, or dynamic object defined at runtime, to a server, with HTTP content type correct, and with a special 'Auth-Token' header.

Any example, if not using WebAPI, such as servicestack, or anything else is cool.

回答1:

/// <summary>
    /// Creates a new instance of the <see cref="T:System.Net.Http.StringContent"/> class.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="content">The content used to initialize the <see cref="T:System.Net.Http.StringContent"/>.</param><param name="encoding">The encoding to use for the content.</param><param name="mediaType">The media type to use for the content.</param>
    [__DynamicallyInvokable]
    public StringContent(string content, Encoding encoding, string mediaType)
      : base(StringContent.GetContentByteArray(content, encoding))
    {
      this.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue(mediaType == null ? "text/plain" : mediaType)
      {
        CharSet = encoding == null ? HttpContent.DefaultStringEncoding.WebName : encoding.WebName
      };
    }

It's constructor of StringContent. Looks like that you should specify appropriate Encoding and mediaType

回答2:

You can't directly setup an instance of HttpContent, because it is an abstract class. You need to use one of the sub-classes, depending on your need. Most likely StringContent, which lets you set the string value of the response, the encoding, and the media type in the constructor: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.net.http.stringcontent.aspx

Answer from How do I set up HttpContent for my HttpClient PostAsync second parameter?

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21057354/how-do-i-send-arbitrary-json-data-with-a-custom-header-to-a-rest-server