WPF controls not recognized in code-behind when using new CSPROJ format

问题

I've created a WPF application using the new CSPROJ format in Visual Studio 2017.

By

• setting the LanguageTargets,
• setting the generator for XAML files,
• setting the build action for App.Xaml,
• and forcing the debug executable

I can successfully build and run the application. However, I have an issue in that the code editor does not recognize any controls placed in the XAML, so I get erroneous errors and no intellisense in the editor.

Steps to reproduce

1. Launch VS 2017
2. Create a new "WPF App (.NET Framework)" C# project
3. Edit the csproj file to look like:

Project file:

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk" ToolsVersion="15.0">
  <PropertyGroup>
    <LanguageTargets>$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\$(VisualStudioVersion)\Bin\Microsoft.CSharp.targets</LanguageTargets>
    <TargetFramework>net45</TargetFramework>
    <ProjectGuid>{030D04DA-D603-4D4C-95F7-B6F725A6829E}</ProjectGuid>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup>
    <OutputType>WinExe</OutputType>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup>
    <StartupObject />
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ApplicationDefinition Include="App.xaml">
      <Generator>MSBuild:Compile</Generator>
      <SubType>Designer</SubType>
    </ApplicationDefinition>
    <Page Include="MainWindow.xaml">
      <SubType>Designer</SubType>
      <Generator>MSBuild:Compile</Generator>
    </Page>
    <Compile Update="**\*.xaml.cs" SubType="Designer" DependentUpon="%(Filename)" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <Reference Include="PresentationCore" />
    <Reference Include="PresentationFramework" />
    <Reference Include="System.Xaml" />
    <Reference Include="WindowsBase" />
  </ItemGroup>
</Project>

4. Add a button called "button1" to MainWindow.xaml as below:

MainWindow.xaml

<Window x:Class="WpfApp1.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WpfApp1"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="350" Width="525">
    <Grid>
        <Button Name="button1" Width="100" Height="50">Click me!</Button>
    </Grid>
</Window>

5. Try and set the button caption in code in "MainWindow.xaml.cs".

You will see that intellisense does not recognise that the button is defined:

However, the project builds and runs successfully (note you will need to run the executable manually - F5 doesn't work...)

回答1:

A slight improvement on your previous answer is to include the .g.cs files, but mark them as not visible so they do not show in the solution. You will then also need to mark the BaseIntermediateOutputPath as not visible otherwise it shows up as an empty folder.

This gives the same behaviour but looks tidier as you're not seeing the obj folder in the solution explorer.

<ItemGroup>
  <ApplicationDefinition Include="App.xaml">
    <Generator>MSBuild:Compile</Generator>
    <SubType>Designer</SubType>
  </ApplicationDefinition>
  <Page Include="**\*.xaml" SubType="Designer" Generator="MSBuild:Compile" Exclude="App.xaml" />
  <Compile Update="**\*.xaml.cs" SubType="Designer" DependentUpon="%(Filename)" />
  <Compile Include="$(IntermediateOutputPath)*.g.cs" Visible="false" />
  <None Include="$(BaseIntermediateOutputPath)" Visible="false" />
</ItemGroup>

回答2:

One slightly hacky solution is to edit the project file to add the generated classes. Unfortunately, I can't work out how to make the file be DependentUpon the XAML file - I think that only works for files in the same folder.

In addition, you need to use MSBuild:UpdateDesignTimeXaml instead of MSBuild:Compile, as described here

Finally, it appears you have to explicitly name every "Include" in the "Page" element - you can't use wildcards.

<Project>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ApplicationDefinition Include="App.xaml">
      <SubType>Designer</SubType>
      <Generator>MSBuild:UpdateDesignTimeXaml</Generator>
    </ApplicationDefinition>
    <Page Include="MainWindow.xaml">
      <SubType>Designer</SubType>
      <Generator>MSBuild:UpdateDesignTimeXaml</Generator>
    </Page>
    <Compile Update="**\*.xaml.cs" DependentUpon="%(Filename)" />
    <!-- ADD THIS LINE HERE TO INCLUDE THE GENERATED PARTIAL CLASSES -->
    <!-- ENSURE YOU ARE USING THE g.cs AND NOT g.i.cs FILES 
         OR YOU WILL GET A BUILD FAILURE -->
    <Compile Include="$(IntermediateOutputPath)**\*.g.cs" />
  </ItemGroup>

回答3:

I found that using this like to define the Sdk resolved it for me:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project Sdk="MSBuild.Sdk.Extras">
  <PropertyGroup>
....

instead of

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
  <PropertyGroup>
....

(This is in 15.9.15 version of VS2017)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44154271/wpf-controls-not-recognized-in-code-behind-when-using-new-csproj-format