问题
I am using scipy-cluster to generate a hierarchical clustering on some data. As a final step of the application, I call the dendrogram function to plot the clustering. I am running on Mac OS X Snow Leopard using the built-in Python 2.6.1 and this matplotlib package. The program runs fine, but at the end the Rocket Ship icon (as I understand, this is the launcher for GUI applications in python) shows up and vanishes immediately without doing anything. Nothing is shown. If I add a 'raw_input' after the call, it just bounces up and down in the dock forever. If I run a simple sample application for matplotlib from the terminal it runs fine. Does anyone have any experiences on this?
回答1:
I had the same issue on Ubuntu 10.04. In order to get graphics to display from ipython interactive console, start it with "-pylab" switch, which enables the interactive use of matplotlib:
ipython -pylab
To get your graphics to display during the execution of a standalone script, use matplotlib.pyplot.show call. Here's an example from hcluster homepage, the first and last line are the significant bits here:
from matplotlib.pyplot import show
from hcluster import pdist, linkage, dendrogram
import numpy
from numpy.random import rand
X = rand(10,100)
X[0:5,:] *= 2
Y = pdist(X)
Z = linkage(Y)
dendrogram(Z)
show()
回答2:
Invoking ipython with "-pylab" switch didn't make a difference for me. (System: Fedora 13)
Though not ideal, my solution was to explicitly write the resulting figure as a file. For example:
...
dendrogram(Z)
pylab.savefig( "temp.png" )
Hope this helps anyone who is running into the same issue.
Amendment: Be careful about simply using copy-and-paste with the hcluster package's brief tutorial, notably in that if you call pylab.savefig() after several types of dendrogram drawing shown in the tutorial, i.e.
distMat = # whatever distance matrix you have
dendrogram( linkage( distMat ) )
pylab.savefig( "exampleDendrogram.png" )
dendrogram( linkage( distMat, method="complete" ) ) #instead of default "single"
pylab.savefig( "exampleDendrogram.png" )
Then exampleDendrogram.png will contain both the single-linkage dendrogram and the complete-linkage dendrogram in the same figure, and they will likely cross-cross and look like a mess.
If you're as stupid as me, you'll spend 30-180 minutes in confusion about how to properly use hcluster, when it's actually just a matter of resetting matplotlib between dendrogram calls:
distMat = # whatever distance matrix you have
dendrogram( linkage( distMat ) )
pylab.savefig( "exampleDendrogram1.png" )
pylab.cla()
dendrogram( linkage( distMat, method="complete" ) ) #instead of default "single"
pylab.savefig( "exampleDendrogram2.png" )
Now, the resulting dendrogram image files will look like what you expected them to look like.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2967858/dendrogram-generated-by-scipy-cluster-does-not-show