Nodejs crypto vs python hashlib

问题

I'm trying to make a python function and a nodejs function compute the same hash. However, it seems like the binary that is outputted is different between nodejs crypto and python hashlib.

The python I'm using is:

hash = hashlib.sha512()
hash.update(salt)
hash.update(password.encode('utf8'))
hash.digest()

The node/coffeescript is:

crypto.createHash('sha512').update(salt, 'binary').update(password, 'utf8').digest()

These lines should produce the same result, but for some reason they don't. Help?

回答1:

They do seem to produce the same result, but because node's digest() returns a Unicode string, while Python's returns a bytes object, this may not be immediately obvious:

CoffeeScript 1.4.0 on Node 0.8.11:

coffee> salt='abc'
'abc'
coffee> password='def'
'def'
coffee> d = crypto.createHash('sha512').update(salt, 'binary').update(password, 'utf8').digest()
'ã.ñ#èí&ezK=\u0007­»v\u0018\u0006CWEVNAP §\u0003¾*}¶\u001e=9\f+¹~-L1\u001fÜiÖ±&\u0005õ© ç'

Python 3.3.0:

>>> salt, password=b'abc', 'def'
>>> hash = hashlib.sha512()
>>> hash.update(salt)
>>> hash.update(password.encode('utf8'))
>>> d = hash.digest()
>>> print(d)
b'\xe3.\xf1\x96#\xe8\xed\x9d&\x7fez\x81\x94K=\x07\xad\xbbv\x85\x18\x06\x8e\x88CWEVN\x8dAP\xa0\xa7\x03\xbe*}\x88\xb6\x1e=9\x0c+\xb9~-L1\x1f\xdci\xd6\xb1&\x7f\x05\xf5\x9a\xa9 \xe7'

Looks pretty different, right? But if you look closely, the printable characters are the same—that CWEVN run is pretty obvious. And you can see even more similarities if you decode it as Latin-1…

>>> print(d.decode('latin1'))
ã.ñ#èí&ezK=­»vCWEVNAP §¾*}¶=9
                                   +¹~-L1ÜiÖ±&õ© ç

It's pretty obvious this is the exact same string, it's just that Node is escaping the non-printable characters.

And Python 2.7.2:

>>> salt, password='abc', u'def'
>>> hash = hashlib.sha512()
>>> hash.update(salt)
>>> hash.update(password.encode('utf8'))
>>> d = hash.digest()
>>> print(d)
?.?#??&ez??K=??v???CWEVN?AP???*}??=9
                                 +?~-L1?iֱ&? ?
>>> print(d.decode('latin1'))
ã.ñ#èí&ezK=­»vCWEVNAP §¾*}¶=9
                                   +¹~-L1ÜiÖ±&õ© ç

Again, same string.

Given that my terminal, C locale, etc. are all UTF-8 (this is OS X), I have no idea why CoffeeScript is decoding as Latin-1.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13465048/nodejs-crypto-vs-python-hashlib