Startup
1. Ensure that you are logged in as the root Linux/ UNIX user.
If you are not connected as root OS user, you must switch to the oracle OS user
su - root
2. Start (startup) the Oracle cluster stack
su - root
cd $CRS_HOME/bin
# ./crsctl start crs (must be run on each node)
3. Startup (start) all Oracle ASM instances on all nodes. (If you are not using the ASM you must skip this step.)
su - oracle (you must be logged as oracle)
To shut down an Oracle ASM instance, enter the following command, where node_name is the name of the node where the Oracle ASM instance is running:
$ oracle_home/bin/srvctl start asm -n node_name
4. Startup (start) all Oracle RAC instances on all nodes.
To shut down all Oracle RAC instances for a database, enter the following command, where db_name is the name of the database:
$ srvctl start database -d db_name (srvctl from ORACLE_HOME) (this command is starting all the instances)
5. Startup (start) all applications using the Oracle database.
This step includes stopping (shutting down) the Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control:
$ emctl start dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2009 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
https://dev1rac.mfol.dgti.ro:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Stopping Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control ...
... Stopped.
Shutdown
Attention: In previous releases of Oracle Database, you were required to set environment variables for ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_SID to start, stop, and check the status
of Enterprise Manager. With Oracle Database 11g release 2 (11.2) and later, you need to set the environment variables ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_UNQNAME to use or manage the Enterprise Manager.
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=GlobalUniqueName
If you want to check if the Entreprise Manager Database Console is running or not:
emctl status dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2009 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
https://dev1rac:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
EM Daemon is not running.
emctl status dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2009 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
https://dev1rac:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g is running.
1. Ensure that you are logged in as the oracle Linux/ UNIX user.
If you are not connected as oracle OS user, you must switch to the oracle OS user
su - oracle
2. Stop/ shut (stop) down all applications using the Oracle database.
This step includes stopping (shutting down) the Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control:
$ emctl stop dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2009 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
https://dev1rac.mfol.dgti.ro:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Stopping Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control ...
... Stopped.
If you want to check if the Entreprise Manager Database Console is running or not:
emctl status dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2009 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
https://dev1rac:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
EM Daemon is not running.
emctl status dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.2.0.1.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2009 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
https://dev1rac:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g is running.
Attention: In previous releases of Oracle Database, you were required to set environment variables for ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_SID to start, stop, and check the status
of Enterprise Manager. With Oracle Database 11g release 2 (11.2) and later, you need to set the environment variables ORACLE_HOME and ORACLE_UNQNAME to use or manage the Enterprise Manager.
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=GlobalUniqueName (database SID and not instance SID)
3. Shut down (stop) all Oracle RAC instances on all nodes.
To shut down all Oracle RAC instances for a database, enter the following command, where db_name is the name of the database:
$ oracle_home/bin/srvctl stop database -d db_name (this command is starting all the instances)
4. Shut down (stop) all Oracle ASM instances on all nodes. (If you are not using the ASM you must skip this step.)
To shut down an Oracle ASM instance, enter the following command, where node_name is the name of the node where the Oracle ASM instance is running:
$ oracle_home/bin/srvctl stop asm -n node_name
5. Stop (shut down) the Oracle cluster stack
su - root
cd $CRS_HOME/bin
# ./crsctl stop crs (must be run on each node)
./srvctl stop nodeapps -n node_name --> in 11.2 stops only ONS and eONS because of some dependencies.
===========================================
If you want to check if the database is running you can run:
ps -ef | grep smon
oracle 246196 250208 0 14:29:11 pts/0 0:00 grep smon
If you want to check if the database listeners are running you can run:
ps -ef | grep lsnr
root 204886 229874 0 14:30:07 pts/0 0:00 grep lsnr
Here the listeners are running:
ps -ef | grep lsnr
oracle 282660 1 0 14:07:34 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER_SCAN2 -inherit
oracle 299116 250208 0 14:30:00 pts/0 0:00 grep lsnr
oracle 303200 1 0 14:23:44 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER_SCAN1 -inherit
oracle 315432 1 0 14:07:35 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER_SCAN3 -inherit
oracle 323626 1 0 14:07:34 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
If you want to check if any clusterware component is running you can run:
ps -ef | grep crs
root 204842 229874 0 14:27:19 pts/0 0:00 grep crs
Here the clusterware components (resources) are running:
ps -ef | grep crs
root 155856 1 1 14:05:47 - 0:22 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/ohasd.bin reboot
root 159940 1 0 14:07:08 - 0:01 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/oclskd.bin
oracle 221270 1 0 14:06:43 - 0:02 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/gpnpd.bin
root 225322 1 0 14:06:45 - 0:02 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/cssdmonitor
oracle 229396 1 0 14:06:41 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/gipcd.bin
oracle 233498 1 0 14:06:41 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/mdnsd.bin
root 253952 1 0 14:06:46 - 0:01 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/orarootagent.bin
root 258060 1 0 14:06:59 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/octssd.bin reboot
root 262150 1 0 14:06:47 - 0:00 /bin/sh /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/ocssd
oracle 270344 262150 1 14:06:47 - 0:11 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/ocssd.bin
oracle 274456 156062 0 14:07:10 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/evmlogger.bin -o /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/evm/log/evmlogger.info -l /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/evm/log/evmlogger.log
oracle 282660 1 0 14:07:34 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER_SCAN2 -inherit
root 286742 1 6 14:07:17 - 0:36 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/orarootagent.bin
oracle 303200 1 1 14:23:44 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER_SCAN1 -inherit
oracle 315432 1 0 14:07:35 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER_SCAN3 -inherit
oracle 323626 1 0 14:07:34 - 0:00 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/tnslsnr LISTENER -inherit
oracle 156062 1 0 14:07:01 - 0:02 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/evmd.bin
root 229692 1 0 14:06:46 - 0:02 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/cssdagent
oracle 233762 1 0 14:06:40 - 0:01 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/oraagent.bin
oracle 246226 250208 0 14:32:34 pts/0 0:00 grep crs
oracle 254218 1 0 14:06:53 - 0:01 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/diskmon.bin -d -f
root 258554 1 0 14:07:01 - 0:09 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/crsd.bin reboot
oracle 270612 1 0 14:07:28 - 0:03 /oracle/grid/crs/11.2/bin/oraagent.bin
REMARK: the database listeners are cluster resources and not database resources !
来源：oschina
链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/80917/blog/165338