问题
I am trying to create a regular expression using POSIX (Extended) Regular Expressions that I can use in my C program code.
Specifically, I have come up with the following, however, I want to exclude the word "http" within the matched expressions. Upon some searching, it doesn't look like POSIX makes it obvious for catching specific strings. I am using something called a "negative look-a-head" in the below example (i.e. the (?!http:) ). However, I fear that this may only be something available to regular expressions defined in dialects other than POSIX. Is negative lookahead allowed? Is the logical NOT operator allowed in POSIX (i.e. ! )?
Working regular expression example:
href|HREF|src[[:space:]]=[[:space:]]\"(?!http:)[^\"]+\"[/]
If I cannot use negative-lookahead like in other dialects, what can I do to the above regular expression to filter out the specific word "http:"? Ideally, is there any way without inverse logic and ultimately creating a ridiculously long regular expression in the process? (the one I have above is quite long already, I'd rather it not look more confusing if possible)
[NOTE: I have consulted other related threads in Stack Overflow, but the most relevant ones seem to only ask this question "generically", which means answers given didn't necessarily mean they were POSIX-flavored ==> in another thread or two, I've seen the above (?!insertWordToExcludeHere) negative lookahead, but I fear it's only for PHP.)
[NOTE 2: I will take any POSIX regular expression phrasings as well, any help would be appreciated. Does anyone have a suggestion on how whatever regular expression that would filter out "http:" would look like and how it could be fit into my current regular expression, replacing the (?!http:)?]
回答1:
According to http://www.regular-expressions.info/refflavors.html lookaheads and lookbehinds are not in the POSIX flavour.
You may consider thinking in terms of lexing (tokenization) and parsing if your problem is too complex to be represented cleanly as a regex.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15377469/posix-regular-expressions-excluding-a-word-in-an-expression