Mysql-Percona mysql5.7简单安装
一、什么是Percona
单从mysql的角度来讲，可以把Percona理解为mysql的一个分支，因为mysql的源码是开源的，Percona就是在源码基础上对mysql做了一些改进，逐渐发展成了一条分支。其他分支还有mariadb等，都是mysql的分支，作为基础使用者，了解这么多就可以了，后续想深入了解，去看书吧。
二、Mysql5.7安装准备
1.基础信息：
（1）可参考官方文档【https://www.percona.com/doc/percona-server/5.7/installation/yum_repo.html】
（2）环境信息
系统：Centos7.3
Mysql：Percona的Mysql5.7
2.安装方式：
这里选择yum安装，原因是没有特殊需求，yum安装比较快
三、部署Mysql5.7
1.关闭selinux及firewalld防火墙
如果不关闭，启动会受到影响！！！别问我为什么知道！！！
sed -i 's#SELINUX=enforcing#SELINUX=disabled#g' /etc/sysconfig/selinux
setenforce 0 #关闭Selinux(强烈建议关闭)
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld #关闭firewalld防火墙
2.安装yum源
yum -y install http://www.percona.com/downloads/percona-release/redhat/0.1-4/percona-release-0.1-4.noarch.rpm
3.安装Percona-server57（mysql5.7）
yum -y install Percona-Server-server-57
4.创建mysql相关目录
mkdir -p /opt/mysql/{mysql_data,mysql_log} #创建mysql的数据目录和日志目录
chown -R mysql:mysql /opt/mysql #更改属主属组为mysql
usermod -d /opt/mysql mysql #将mysql用户的家目录改成工作目录（个人觉得应该修改）
4.修改配置文件
（1）清理不必要的原生配置文件
cd /etc/
rm -rf my.cnf my.cnf.d percona-server.cnf percona-server.conf.d #我觉得这么一堆配置文件，不好维护，所以全部干掉
（2）建立mysql配置文件
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cat <
Generated by Percona Configuration Wizard (http://tools.percona.com/) version REL5-20120208
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysql]
CLIENT
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
default-character-set = utf8
prompt="\u@\h:\p \R:\m:\s [\d]>"
[mysqld]
GENERAL
user = mysql
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
character_set_server = utf8
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file = /opt/mysql/mysql_log/mysqld.pid
log_timestamps = SYSTEM
server-id = 1001
MyISAM
key-buffer-size = 32M
myisam-recover-options = FORCE,BACKUP
SAFETY
max-allowed-packet = 32M
max-connect-errors = 1000000
sql-mode = NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
innodb = FORCE
DATA STORAGE
datadir = /opt/mysql/mysql_data/
BINARY LOGGING
log-bin = /opt/mysql/mysql_log/mysql-bin
expire-logs-days = 15
sync-binlog = 1
binlog_format = ROW
log_bin_trust_function_creators = ON
binlog_rows_query_log_events = ON
REPLICATION
gtid_mode = ON
enforce_gtid_consistency = ON
log_slave_updates = ON
relay-log = /opt/mysql/mysql_log/relay-bin
relay_log_info_repository = TABLE
relay_log_recovery = ON
sync-relay-log = 10000
sync-relay-log-info = 10000
master_info_repository = TABLE
sync-master-info = 10000
binlog_group_commit_sync_delay = 0
binlog_group_commit_sync_no_delay_count = 0
transaction_write_set_extraction = 'XXHASH64'
binlog_transaction_dependency_tracking = WRITESET
SLAVE
slave-parallel-type = LOGICAL_CLOCK
slave-parallel-workers = 8
read-only = 1
super_read_only = 1
slave-net-timeout = 60
skip-slave-start = 1
slave_pending_jobs_size_max = 64M
CACHES AND LIMITS
tmp-table-size = 32M
max-heap-table-size = 32M
query-cache-type = 0
query-cache-size = 0
max-connections = 8000
thread-cache-size = 50
open-files-limit = 65535
table-definition-cache = 4096
table-open-cache = 4096
optimizer_switch = 'condition_fanout_filter=off,derived_merge=off'
INNODB
innodb-flush-method = O_DIRECT
innodb-log-files-in-group = 4
innodb-log-file-size = 512M
innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit = 1
innodb-file-per-table = 1
innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
innodb-buffer-pool-size = 16G
LOGGING
log-error = /opt/mysql/mysql_log/mysql-error.log
log_error_verbosity = 1
slow-query-log = 1
slow-query-log-file = /opt/mysql/mysql_log/mysql-slow.log
max_slowlog_size = 1G
log_queries_not_using_indexes = OFF
EOF
注：这个配置文件仅供参考，可以根据自己需求进行更改，Percona的在线生成配置文件工具【http://tools.percona.com/】
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（3）修改/etc/systemd/system/mysql.service
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vim /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service
修改以下行
sed -i 's#/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid#/opt/mysql/mysql_log/mysqld.pid#g' /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service
sed -i 's#/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid#/opt/mysql/mysql_log/mysqld.pid#g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
sed -i 's#LimitNOFILE = 5000#LimitNOFILE = 100000#g' /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service
sed -i 's#LimitNOFILE = 5000#LimitNOFILE = 100000#g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
systemctl daemon-reload #重新加载配置
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4.启动mysql
systemctl enable mysqld
systemctl start mysqld
5.mysql简单初始化
（1）登录及修改初始密码
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grep -i 'password' /opt/mysql/mysql_log/mysql-error.log #获取mysql初始密码
2018-04-19T04:07:12.534522Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: er+Pezm/r31i
mysql -u root -p'er+Pezm/r31i' #登录mysql
SET PASSWORD FOR root@'localhost' = 'MFdb@2018!'; #更改root密码
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6.简单排错
如果启动时报错，可以使用以下方式排错
（1） 查看当前实例使用的配置文件是否是你定义的
mysqld --verbose --help |grep -A 1 'Default options'
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
（2）查看输出日志
cat /opt/mysql_log/mysql-error.log
（3）查看系统日志