Using as a concrete type conforming to protocol AnyObject is not supported

问题

I'm using Swift 2 and using WeakContainer as a way to store a set of weak objects, much like NSHashTable.weakObjectsHashTable()

struct WeakContainer<T: AnyObject> {
    weak var value: T?
}

public protocol MyDelegate : AnyObject {

}

Then in my ViewController, I declare

public var delegates = [WeakContainer<MyDelegate>]

But it is error

Using MyDelegate as a concrete type conforming to protocol AnyObject is not supported

I see that the error is that WeakContainer has value member declared as weak, so T is expected to be object. But I also declare MyDelegate as AnyObject, too. How to get around this?

回答1:

I had the same idea to create weak container with generics.
As result I created wrapper for NSHashTable and did some workaround for your compiler error.

class WeakSet<ObjectType>: SequenceType {

    var count: Int {
        return weakStorage.count
    }

    private let weakStorage = NSHashTable.weakObjectsHashTable()

    func addObject(object: ObjectType) {
        guard object is AnyObject else { fatalError("Object (\(object)) should be subclass of AnyObject") }
        weakStorage.addObject(object as? AnyObject)
    }

    func removeObject(object: ObjectType) {
        guard object is AnyObject else { fatalError("Object (\(object)) should be subclass of AnyObject") }
        weakStorage.removeObject(object as? AnyObject)
    }

    func removeAllObjects() {
        weakStorage.removeAllObjects()
    }

    func containsObject(object: ObjectType) -> Bool {
        guard object is AnyObject else { fatalError("Object (\(object)) should be subclass of AnyObject") }
        return weakStorage.containsObject(object as? AnyObject)
    }

    func generate() -> AnyGenerator<ObjectType> {
        let enumerator = weakStorage.objectEnumerator()
        return anyGenerator {
            return enumerator.nextObject() as! ObjectType?
        }
    }
}

Usage:

protocol MyDelegate : AnyObject {
    func doWork()
}

class MyClass: AnyObject, MyDelegate {
    fun doWork() {
        // Do delegated work.
    }
}

var delegates = WeakSet<MyDelegate>()
delegates.addObject(MyClass())

for delegate in delegates {
    delegate.doWork()
}

It's not the best solution, because WeakSet can be initialized with any type, and if this type doesn't conform to AnyObject protocol then app will crash. But I don't see any better solution right now.

回答2:

I ran into the same problem when I tried to implement weak containers. As @plivesey points out in a comment above, this seems to be a bug in Swift 2.2 / Xcode 7.3, but it is expected to work.

However, the problem does not occur for some Foundation protocols. For example, this compiles:

let container = WeakContainer<NSCacheDelegate>()

I found out that this works for protocols marked with the @objc attribute. You can use this as a workaround:

Workaround 1

@objc
public protocol MyDelegate : AnyObject { }

let container = WeakContainer<MyDelegate>() // No compiler error

As this can lead to other problems (some types cannot be represented in Objective-C), here is an alternative approach:

Workaround 2

Drop the AnyObject requirement from the container, and cast the value to AnyObject internally.

struct WeakContainer<T> {
  private weak var _value:AnyObject?
  var value: T? {
    get {
      return _value as? T
    }
    set {
      _value = newValue as? AnyObject
    }
  }
}

protocol MyDelegate : AnyObject { }

var container = WeakContainer<MyDelegate>() // No compiler error

Caveat: Saving values that conform to T but are not AnyObjects fails.

回答3:

Why are you trying to use generics? I would suggest doing the following:

import Foundation
import UIKit

protocol MyDelegate : AnyObject {

}

class WeakContainer : AnyObject {
    weak var value: MyDelegate?
}

class ViewController: UIViewController {
    var delegates = [WeakContainer]()
}

There is also NSValue's nonretainedObject

回答4:

If your Protocol can be marked as @obj then you can use code below

protocol Observerable {

    associatedtype P : AnyObject

    var delegates: NSHashTable<P> { get }
}

@objc protocol MyProtocol {

    func someFunc()

}

class SomeClass : Observerable {

    var delegates = NSHashTable<MyProtocol>.weakObjects()

}

回答5:

Your issue is that WeakContainer requires its generic type T to be a subtype of AnyObject - a protocol declaration is not a subtype of AnyObject. You have four options:

Instead of declaring WeakContainer<MyDelegate> replace it with something that actually implements MyDelegate. The Swift-y approach for this is to use the AnyX pattern: struct AnyMyDelegate : MyDelegate { ... }
Define MyDelegate to be 'class bound' as protocol MyDelegate : class { ... }
Annotate MyDelegate with @obj which, essentially, makes it 'class bound'
Reformulate WeakContainer to not require its generic type to inherit from AnyObject. You'll be hard pressed to make this work because you need a property declared as weak var and there are limitation as to what types are accepted by weak var - which are AnyObject essentially.

回答6:

Here is my implementation of WeakSet in pure Swift (without NSHashTable).

internal struct WeakBox<T: AnyObject> {
    internal private(set) weak var value: T?
    private var pointer: UnsafePointer<Void>
    internal init(_ value: T) {
        self.value = value
        self.pointer = unsafeAddressOf(value)
    }
}


extension WeakBox: Hashable {
    var hashValue: Int {
        return self.pointer.hashValue
    }
}


extension WeakBox: Equatable {}

func ==<T>(lhs: WeakBox<T>, rhs: WeakBox<T>) -> Bool {
    return lhs.pointer == rhs.pointer
}



public struct WeakSet<Element>: SequenceType {
    private var boxes = Set<WeakBox<AnyObject>>()

    public mutating func insert(member: Element) {
        guard let object = member as? AnyObject else {
            fatalError("WeakSet's member (\(member)) must conform to AnyObject protocol.")
        }

        self.boxes.insert(WeakBox(object))
    }

    public mutating func remove(member: Element) {
        guard let object = member as? AnyObject else {
            fatalError("WeakSet's member (\(member)) must conform to AnyObject protocol.")
        }

        self.boxes.remove(WeakBox(object))
    }

    public mutating func removeAll() {
        self.boxes.removeAll()
    }

    public func contains(member: Element) -> Bool {
        guard let object = member as? AnyObject else {
            fatalError("WeakSet's member (\(member)) must conform to AnyObject protocol.")
        }

        return self.boxes.contains(WeakBox(object))
    }

    public func generate() -> AnyGenerator<Element> {
        var generator = self.boxes.generate()

        return AnyGenerator {
            while(true) {
                guard let box = generator.next() else {
                    return nil
                }

                guard let element = box.value else {
                    continue
                }

                return element as? Element
            }
        }
    }
}

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/32807948/using-as-a-concrete-type-conforming-to-protocol-anyobject-is-not-supported

标签

swift

reference

hashtable

protocols

weak