本次作业将进行RYU控制器相关实践,了解RYU控制器开发方法。
实验内容
1.浏览RYU官网学习RYU控制器的安装和RYU开发入门教程,提交你对于教程代码的理解,包括但不限于:
官方代码
from ryu.base import app_manager from ryu.controller import ofp_event from ryu.controller.handler import MAIN_DISPATCHER from ryu.controller.handler import set_ev_cls from ryu.ofproto import ofproto_v1_0 class L2Switch(app_manager.RyuApp): OFP_VERSIONS = [ofproto_v1_0.OFP_VERSION] def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super(L2Switch, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPPacketIn, MAIN_DISPATCHER) def packet_in_handler(self, ev): msg = ev.msg dp = msg.datapath ofp = dp.ofproto ofp_parser = dp.ofproto_parser actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofp.OFPP_FLOOD)] out = ofp_parser.OFPPacketOut( datapath=dp, buffer_id=msg.buffer_id, in_port=msg.in_port, actions=actions) dp.send_msg(out)
描述官方教程实现了一个什么样的交换机功能?
将接收到的数据包发送到所有端口的功能
控制器设定交换机支持什么版本的OpenFlow?
控制器设定交换机支持OpenFlow 1.0
控制器设定了交换机如何处理数据包?
分析代码:
L2Switch类中添加了一个新方法'packet_in_handler'。当Ryu收到OpenFlow packet_in消息时,将调用此方法。
set_ev_cls”装饰器用来告诉Ryu何时应调用装饰的函数。
装饰器的第一个参数指示应调用此函数的事件类型,每次Ryu收到packet_in消息时,都会调用此函数。
第二个参数指示开关的状态。如果想在Ryu与交换机之间的协商完成之前忽略packet_in消息,使用“ MAIN_DISPATCHER”作为第二个参数表示仅在协商完成后才调用此函数。
“ packet_in_handler”函数中
ev.msg是表示packet_in数据结构的对象。
msg.dp是代表数据路径(开关)的对象。
dp.ofproto和dp.ofproto_parser是代表Ryu和交换机协商的OpenFlow协议的对象。
OFPActionOutput类与packet_out消息一起使用,以指定要从中发送数据包的交换机端口。该应用程序使用OFPP_FLOOD标志来指示应在所有端口上发送数据包。
OFPPacketOut类用于构建packet_out消息。
如果使用OpenFlow消息类对象调用Datapath类的send_msg方法,则Ryu会生成联机数据格式并将其发送到交换机。
2.根据官方教程和提供的示例代码(SimpleSwitch.py),将具有自学习功能的交换机代码(SelfLearning.py)补充完整
补充完整的代码:
from ryu.base import app_manager from ryu.controller import ofp_event from ryu.controller.handler import MAIN_DISPATCHER from ryu.controller.handler import set_ev_cls from ryu.ofproto import ofproto_v1_0 from ryu.lib.mac import haddr_to_bin from ryu.lib.packet import packet from ryu.lib.packet import ethernet from ryu.lib.packet import ether_types class SimpleSwitch(app_manager.RyuApp): # TODO define OpenFlow 1.0 version for the switch OFP_VERSIONS = [ofproto_v1_0.OFP_VERSION] # add your code here def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super(SimpleSwitch, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) self.mac_to_port = {} def add_flow(self, datapath, in_port, dst, src, actions): ofproto = datapath.ofproto match = datapath.ofproto_parser.OFPMatch( in_port=in_port, dl_dst=haddr_to_bin(dst), dl_src=haddr_to_bin(src)) mod = datapath.ofproto_parser.OFPFlowMod( datapath=datapath, match=match, cookie=0, command=ofproto.OFPFC_ADD, idle_timeout=0, hard_timeout=0, priority=ofproto.OFP_DEFAULT_PRIORITY, flags=ofproto.OFPFF_SEND_FLOW_REM, actions=actions) # TODO send modified message out datapath.send_msg(mod) # add your code here @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPPacketIn, MAIN_DISPATCHER) def _packet_in_handler(self, ev): msg = ev.msg datapath = msg.datapath ofproto = datapath.ofproto pkt = packet.Packet(msg.data) eth = pkt.get_protocol(ethernet.ethernet) if eth.ethertype == ether_types.ETH_TYPE_LLDP: # ignore lldp packet return if eth.ethertype == ether_types.ETH_TYPE_IPV6: # ignore ipv6 packet return dst = eth.dst src = eth.src dpid = datapath.id self.mac_to_port.setdefault(dpid, {}) self.logger.info("packet in DPID:%s MAC_SRC:%s MAC_DST:%s IN_PORT:%s", dpid, src, dst, msg.in_port) # learn a mac address to avoid FLOOD next time. self.mac_to_port[dpid][src] = msg.in_port if dst in self.mac_to_port[dpid]: out_port = self.mac_to_port[dpid][dst] else: out_port = ofproto.OFPP_FLOOD # TODO define the action for output actions = [datapath.ofproto_parser.OFPActionOutput(out_port)] # add your code here # install a flow to avoid packet_in next time if out_port != ofproto.OFPP_FLOOD: self.logger.info("add flow s:DPID:%s Match:[ MAC_SRC:%s MAC_DST:%s IN_PORT:%s ], Action:[OUT_PUT:%s] ", dpid, src, dst, msg.in_port, out_port) self.add_flow(datapath, msg.in_port, dst, src, actions) data = None if msg.buffer_id == ofproto.OFP_NO_BUFFER: data = msg.data # TODO define the OpenFlow Packet Out out = datapath.ofproto_parser.OFPPacketOut(datapath=datapath, buffer_id=msg.buffer_id, in_port=msg.in_port, actions=actions, data=data) datapath.send_msg(out) # add your code here print ("PACKET_OUT...")
3.在mininet创建一个最简拓扑,并连接RYU控制器
使用python脚本创建拓扑
from mininet.topo import Topo class Topo5(Topo): def __init__(self): # initilaize topology Topo.__init__(self) # add hosts and switches h1 = self.addHost('h1') h2 = self.addHost('h2') s1 = self.addSwitch('s1') # add links self.addLink(h1, s1, 1, 1) self.addLink(h2, s1, 1, 2) topos = {'mytopo': (lambda: Topo5())}
4.验证自学习交换机的功能,提交分析过程和验证结果
运行
sudo mn --custom 5.py --topo mytopo --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=6633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow10
连接ryuryu-manager selflearning.py