1.浏览RYU官网学习RYU控制器的安装和RYU开发入门教程,提交你对于教程代码的理解
- 描述官方教程实现了一个什么样的交换机功能?
实现了让交换机在各端口发送它接收到的数据包的功能
- 控制器设定交换机支持什么版本的OpenFlow?
支持OpenFlow v1.0
- 控制器设定了交换机如何处理数据包?
首先通过以下这个语句设置想要向交换机协商的OpenFlow版本号
OFP_VERSIONS = [ofproto_v1_0.OFP_VERSION]
给出官方的代码,这一部分是实现将接收到的数据包发送到所有端口的功能。
super(L2Switch, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPPacketIn, MAIN_DISPATCHER) def packet_in_handler(self, ev): msg = ev.msg dp = msg.datapath ofp = dp.ofproto ofp_parser = dp.ofproto_parser actions = [ofp_parser.OFPActionOutput(ofp.OFPP_FLOOD)] out = ofp_parser.OFPPacketOut( datapath=dp, buffer_id=msg.buffer_id, in_port=msg.in_port, actions=actions) dp.send_msg(out)
packet_in_handler(self, ev) 这个是新方法,属于L2Switch类。当RYU收到OpenFlow packet_in消息的时候触发该方法。
set_ev_cls是装饰器,这个装饰器告诉RYU调用装饰的函数的时间,装饰器的第一个参数ofp_event.EventOFPPacketIn指示应调用此函数的事件类型,每次Ryu接收到packet_in消息时,都会调用此函数,第二个参数MAIN_DISPATCHER指示开关的状态,这个参数表示仅在协商完成后才调用此函数。
在方法的前几句,ev.msg是表示packet_in数据结构的对象。msg.dp是代表数据路径(开关)的对象。dp.ofproto和dp.ofproto_parser是代表Ryu和交换机协商的OpenFlow协议的对象。
方法的下半部分,actions:是一个列表,用于存放action list,可在其中添加动作,OFPActionOutput类与packet_out消息一起使用,以指定要从中发送数据包的交换机端口。该应用程序使用OFPP_FLOOD标志来指示应在所有端口上发送数据包。
OFPPacketOut类用于构建packet_out消息。
如果使用OpenFlow消息类对象调用Datapath类的send_msg方法,则Ryu会生成联机数据格式并将其发送到交换机。
send_msg()发送一个OpenFlow的数据结构,RYU将这个数据发送到对应的datapath。
2.根据官方教程和提供的示例代码(SimpleSwitch.py),将具有自学习功能的交换机代码(SelfLearning.py)补充完整
代码已经补全在其中
from ryu.base import app_manager from ryu.controller import ofp_event from ryu.controller.handler import MAIN_DISPATCHER from ryu.controller.handler import set_ev_cls from ryu.ofproto import ofproto_v1_0 from ryu.lib.mac import haddr_to_bin from ryu.lib.packet import packet from ryu.lib.packet import ethernet from ryu.lib.packet import ether_types class SimpleSwitch(app_manager.RyuApp): # TODO define OpenFlow 1.0 version for the switch OFP_VERSIONS = [ofproto_v1_0.OFP_VERSION] def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): super(SimpleSwitch, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) self.mac_to_port = {} def add_flow(self, datapath, in_port, dst, src, actions): ofproto = datapath.ofproto match = datapath.ofproto_parser.OFPMatch( in_port=in_port, dl_dst=haddr_to_bin(dst), dl_src=haddr_to_bin(src)) mod = datapath.ofproto_parser.OFPFlowMod( datapath=datapath, match=match, cookie=0, command=ofproto.OFPFC_ADD, idle_timeout=0, hard_timeout=0, priority=ofproto.OFP_DEFAULT_PRIORITY, flags=ofproto.OFPFF_SEND_FLOW_REM, actions=actions) # TODO send modified message out datapath.send_msg(mod) @set_ev_cls(ofp_event.EventOFPPacketIn, MAIN_DISPATCHER) def _packet_in_handler(self, ev): msg = ev.msg datapath = msg.datapath ofproto = datapath.ofproto pkt = packet.Packet(msg.data) eth = pkt.get_protocol(ethernet.ethernet) if eth.ethertype == ether_types.ETH_TYPE_LLDP: # ignore lldp packet return if eth.ethertype == ether_types.ETH_TYPE_IPV6: # ignore ipv6 packet return dst = eth.dst src = eth.src dpid = datapath.id self.mac_to_port.setdefault(dpid, {}) self.logger.info("packet in DPID:%s MAC_SRC:%s MAC_DST:%s IN_PORT:%s", dpid, src, dst, msg.in_port) # learn a mac address to avoid FLOOD next time. self.mac_to_port[dpid][src] = msg.in_port if dst in self.mac_to_port[dpid]: out_port = self.mac_to_port[dpid][dst] else: out_port = ofproto.OFPP_FLOOD # TODO define the action for output actions = [datapath.ofproto_parser.OFPActionOutput(out_port)] # install a flow to avoid packet_in next time if out_port != ofproto.OFPP_FLOOD: self.logger.info("add flow s:DPID:%s Match:[ MAC_SRC:%s MAC_DST:%s IN_PORT:%s ], Action:[OUT_PUT:%s] ", dpid, src, dst, msg.in_port, out_port) self.add_flow(datapath, msg.in_port, dst, src, actions) data = None if msg.buffer_id == ofproto.OFP_NO_BUFFER: data = msg.data # TODO define the OpenFlow Packet Out out = datapath.ofproto_parser.OFPPacketOut(datapath=datapath, buffer_id=msg.buffer_id, in_port=msg.in_port, actions=actions, data=data) datapath.send_msg(out) print("PACKET_OUT...")
3.在mininet创建一个最简拓扑,并连接RYU控制器
通过py代码创建以下拓扑
代码如下
from mininet.topo import Topo from mininet.net import Mininet from mininet.node import RemoteController,CPULimitedHost from mininet.link import TCLink from mininet.util import dumpNodeConnections class Mytopo(Topo): def __init__(self): Topo.__init__(self) s=[] for i in range(1): sw = self.addSwitch('s{}'.format(i+1)) s.append(sw) count=1 for i in range(2): host = self.addHost('h{}'.format(count)) self.addLink(s[0],host) count += 1 topos = {'mytopo': (lambda:Mytopo())}
通过以下语句创建拓扑,运行结果如下图
sudo mn --custom '/home/ubuntu/Desktop/sdn5.py' --topo mytopo --controller=remote,ip=127.0.0.1,port=6633 --switch ovsk,protocols=OpenFlow10