How to replace one character with two characters using tr

问题

Can tr replace one character with two characters?

I am trying to replace "~" with "~\n" but the output does not produce the newline.

$ echo "asdlksad ~ adlkajsd ~ 12345" | tr "~" "~\n"
asdlksad ~ adlkajsd ~ 12345

回答1:

No, tr is specifically intended to replace single characters by single characters (or, depending on command-line options, to delete characters or replace runs of a single character by one occurrence.).

sed is probably the best tool for this particular job:

$ echo "asdlksad ~ adlkajsd ~ 12345" | sed 's/~/~\n/g'
asdlksad ~
 adlkajsd ~
 12345

(Note that this requires sed to interpret the backlash-n \n sequence as a newline character. GNU sed does this, but POSIX doesn't specify it except within a regular expression, and there are definitely older versions of sed that don't.)

回答2:

you could go with awk, let FS/OFS variable do the job for you:

awk -F'~' -v OFS="~\n" '$1=$1' 

test with your example:

kent$ awk -F'~' -v OFS="~\n" '$1=$1' <<< "asdlksad ~ adlkajsd ~ 12345" 
asdlksad ~
 adlkajsd ~
 12345

回答3:

no can do, sorry.

tr is meant to transliterate one character with another.

there are numerous options, but I would use awk, i.e.

echo "asdlksad ~ adlkajsd ~ 12345" | awk '{gsub(/[~]/, "&\n")};1'

output

asdlksad ~
 adlkajsd ~
 12345

回答4:

tr can only do 1 to 1 translation.

Here is one way of doing that using pure Bash:

s='"asdlksad ~ adlkajsd ~ 12345'
r=$'~\n'
echo -e "${s//\~/$r}"
asdlksad ~
 adlkajsd ~
 12345

回答5:

echo "asdlksad ~ adlkajsd ~ 12345" | sed 's/~/~|/g' | tr '|' '\n'

--This will work perfect, since sed having a problem replacing \n

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18365482/how-to-replace-one-character-with-two-characters-using-tr