CentOS 6.2 上编译安装 Nginx 1.0.15 + PHP 5.3.12 + My...

LNMP的好处就不说了，特别是对于这个正在运行的小内存VPS。鉴于师傅的淫威，我只能手工编译安装Nginx 1.0.15 + PHP 5.3.12 + MySQL 5.1.62 + eAccelerator 0.9.6.1，不能使用各种一键安装包，以及使用yum命令，因为他说“不手动试一下怎么能学到东西”。废话不说，先将步骤和代码贴出来，打造一个适合新手（如我）的详细安装教程

准备

1. 当然是可以上网的机器，可以是虚拟机，VPS，服务器，安装CentOS，其他分支没测试过，最好在虚拟机上先试手一下，因为有snapshot，随时可以回滚所有操作。
2. 必要时先清空iptables， 关闭SELINUX
3. 源文件下载的目录是 /usr/local/src

前期工作

更新系统，安装必要的程序，此步骤需要用到yum命令

安装

先下载各个软件包

cd /usr/local/src
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
wget http://au.php.net/get/php-5.3.12.tar.gz/from/us.php.net/mirror
wget http://mysql.mirror.kangaroot.net/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.62.tar.gz
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.30/pcre-8.30.tar.gz?r=http%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Fpcre%2Ffiles%2Fpcre%2F8.30%2F&ts=1335184494&use_mirror=aarnet
wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/eaccelerator/eaccelerator/eAccelerator%200.9.6.1/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2?r=http%3A%2F%2Fsourceforge.net%2Fprojects%2Feaccelerator%2Ffiles%2Feaccelerator%2FeAccelerator%25200.9.6.1%2F&ts=1335276559&use_mirror=waix

然后安装各个库，依次是libiconv，libmcrypt，mhash， mcrypt 和pcre

tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.14
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install

cd ../
tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf pcre-8.30.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.30
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

安装MySQL

首先是添加组

groupadd mysql
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -M -g mysql mysql

然后是解压，编译和安装，注意，我将LNMP需要的应用都放在了/usr/local/webserver 里面

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
make && make install

修改目录权限，配置文件，因为不是什么大型服务器，所以先复制使用默认的中等配置文件，同时将自带用于启动，重启mysql的文件复制到init.d目录，用于service命令来restart等操作，最后是创建开机启动

chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --user=mysql
cp -f /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
sed -i 's/skip-locking/skip-external-locking/g' /etc/my.cnf
sed -i 's:#innodb:innodb:g' /etc/my.cnf
cp /usr/local/webserver/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #添加执行权限
ln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/lib/mysql /usr/lib/mysql
ln -s /usr/local/webserver/mysql/insclude/mysql /usr/include/mysql
chkconfig mysqld on #设置开机启动

重启机器后，mysql会自动启动，接着是设定其root帐号密码，再先将默认帐号密码都去掉

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘root'

cat > /tmp/mysql_sec_script<<EOF
use mysql;
delete from user where not (user='root') ;
delete from user where user='root' and password='';
drop database test;
DROP USER ''@'%';
flush privileges;
EOF

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql -u root –p'root' -h localhost < /tmp/mysql_sec_script

rm -f /tmp/mysql_sec_script

/etc/init.d/mysqld restart
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop

安装PHP

cd /usr/local/src
tar zvxf php-5.3.12.tar.gz
cd php-5.3.12
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/php

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets  --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-production /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpm #因为php5.3开始自带fpm，使用自带的管理脚本
chmod +x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
chkconfig php-fpm on #设置开机自启动
cp /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

然后修改php-fpm.conf，将pid改成以下，并将user和group改成www

pid = run/php-fpm.pid
user = www
group = www

然后安装eAccelerator

cd ../
tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize #记录下输出
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

修改php.ini，查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = “./”，修改为extension_dir = “/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/“，此路径为刚刚的输出路径。再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，修改为cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞。接着是配置eAccelerator，

mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

在结尾加入以下内容

[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="64"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"

安装Nginx

首先是建立好用户组

groupadd www
useradd -s /sbin/nologin -g www www #www用户不能login
mkdir -p /home/wwwroot #此路径是用于存放各域名的root路径
chmod +w /home/wwwroot
mkdir -p /home/wwwlogs
chmod 755 /home/wwwlogs
chown -R www:www /home/wwwroot

安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-1.0.15.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.0.15/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_gzip_static_module
make && make install
mkdir /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/vhost/ #用于配置各域名

修改Nginx的配置文件

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

输入以下内容

user  www www;
worker_processes 1;
error_log  /home/wwwlogs/nginx_error.log  crit;
pid        /usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/nginx.pid;
#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200;
events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 51200;
}
http
{
include       mime.types;
default_type  application/octet-stream;
server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;
sendfile on;
tcp_nopush     on;
keepalive_timeout 60;
tcp_nodelay on;
fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;
gzip on;
gzip_min_length  1k;
gzip_buffers     4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;
#limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;
#log format
log_format  access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
include vhost/*.conf;
}

这是基本的nginx配置，接着是设定每个域名的配置信息

cd /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/vhost
vi domain.com.conf

输入以下内容，这样nginx就可以支持php了。注意，请根据自身需要设定domain.com

server
{
    listen       80;
    server_name www.domain.com domain.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php default.html default.htm default.php;
    root  /home/wwwroot/domain.com/www;
    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
        fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        include fastcgi.conf;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
        expires      30d;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
        expires      12h;
    }
    access_log  /home/wwwlogs/domain.com.access.log;
}

然后为刚刚的域名创建root目录

mkdir -p /home/wwwroot/domain.com/www/

因为默认是没有nginx管理脚本的，在此先新建一个，运行$ vi /etc/init.d/nginx，输入

#! /bin/sh
# chkconfig: 2345 55 25
# Description: Startup script for nginx webserver on Debian. Place in /etc/init.d and
# run 'update-rc.d -f nginx defaults', or use the appropriate command on your
# distro. For CentOS/Redhat run: 'chkconfig --add nginx'
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          nginx
# Required-Start:    $all
# Required-Stop:     $all
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
# Description:       starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
### END INIT INFO
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DESC="nginx daemon"
NAME=nginx
DAEMON=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/$NAME
CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/$NAME.conf
PIDFILE=/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
set -e
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0
do_start() {
$DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "nginx already running"
}
do_stop() {
kill -INT `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx not running"
}
do_reload() {
kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx can't reload"
}
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME"
do_start
echo "."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME"
do_stop
echo "."
;;
reload|graceful)
echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..."
do_reload
echo "."
;;
restart)
echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME"
do_stop
do_start
echo "."
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}" >&2
exit 3
;;
esac
exit 0

为该文件增加执行权限，并设置为自启动

chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginx
chkconfig nginx on

环境说明

直接输入以下命令，会得到相应的结果

service nginx restart #重启nginx
service mysqld restart #重启mysql
service php-fpm restart #重启php-fpm
service php-fpm stop #停止php-fpm
service php-fpm start #启动php-fpm

各站点的根目录是 /home/wwwroot/
应用的目录是 /usr/local/webserver/

各配置文件的存放位置是：
php: /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/
mysql: /etc/
nginx: /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/

参考：

CentOS 6.2编译安装Nginx1.0.14+MySQL5.5.22+PHP5.3.10 http://www.osyunwei.com/archives/3339.html

Nginx 0.8.x + PHP 5.2.13（FastCGI）搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服务器（第6版）[原创]http://blog.s135.com/nginx_php_v6/

LNMP一键安装 http://lnmp.org/

来源：oschina

链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/147583/blog/62259