How to parse an argument without a name with Ruby's optparse

问题

I need to parse a command line like

  script.rb <mandatory filename> [options]

with optparse.

Sure I can write some custom code to handle the filename, then pass ARGV to optparse, but maybe there's a simpler way to do it?

EDIT: there's another hacky way to parse such a command line, and that is pass ['--mandatory-filename'] + ARGV to optparse, then handle the --mandatory-filename option.

回答1:

First parse! with optparse, then scan the ARGV and raise if ARGV is empty. Like so:

op.parse!
filename = ARGV.pop
raise "Need to specify a file to process" unless filename

The mandatory filename will not be processed by the OptionParser and will be left for you in ARGV - if it's not there, just raise manually.

回答2:

Just to follow up on what Julik and Shadowfirebird said: When parsing with OptionParser be aware that parse! and parse have different functionality. The former will remove every argument it understands out of the passed array where the latter will leave them be. This changes your conditions for determining if the required argument is present.

回答3:

Although it doesn't apply to every situation, it is often nice to be able to process multiple files on a single command line, such as:

script.rb [options] file1 file2 ...

file1 is mandatory, but file2 and beyond is optional.

The best way I know to do this follows this convention:

options = {}
optparse = OptionParser.new do |opts|
  opts.banner = "Usage: script.rb [options] file1 file2 ..."

  opts.on('-a', '--an-option ARG', 'Set some option') do |arg|
    options[:a] = arg
  end

  ...
end
optparse.parse!

# Check required conditions
if ARGV.empty?
  puts optparse
  exit(-1)
end

If files are not provided, a help message will be displayed with the usage banner and a description of options. If the files are present, they will be the only thing left in ARGV.

回答4:

I am not sure if it was added recently, but none of the previous answers mention that optparse.parse will return the ARGV value after removing the parsed options.

If you do this:

rest = optparse.parse!

You will get an array with the given file/s (along unknown options). This way you do not have to care if the options come before or after the file.

回答5:

Optparse only does arguments with parameters, AFAIK. The "correct" way to handle your filename is to deal with it outside of optparse. I posted some example code for this in answer to this question.

BTW, that's a rather unusual commandline. If it's just for you, fine, but others are likely to find it rather counter-intuitive. It would be more normal to have: script.rb [options] <filename>...

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2449171/how-to-parse-an-argument-without-a-name-with-rubys-optparse

标签

ruby

optparse