I've been recovering a hard disk using dd_rescue, which provides me a list of all of the device sectors it could not copy due to hardware errors.
I'd like to take that list, and write a tool to give me all of the files that contain these bad sectors so I can delete them. I'm not sure what APIs I can use to do this--essentially i want to get a list of all files on disk and for each file, a list of the ranges of sectors it occupies on disk.
My first guess is that I will iterate over each directory entry on the disk and check to see if the file overlaps one of these bad sectors. Maybe there's a better way.
If you want to map a file's data location to a physical block (sector), you can use the fcntl(2) call with the F_LOG2PHYS command. Not all file systems support this command, but HFS+ does. Just use lseek to pick the file offset and you can get back the diskoffset from F_LOG2PHYS (it's returned in a struct log2phys in the l2p_devoffset field). See fcntl.h for more details.
There's no API exposed for grubbing through HFS+ filesystems, but the source for the filesystem is available from Apple as part of the XNU kernel. Also check out the hfsdebug tool which might help to understand the fs.
It's an old question, but since it still is among the top hits when searching the topic, here's to all who searched:
Since Mac OS X 10.6 fsck_hfs(8) can map physical sectors to files (see option -B). A note on usage: matching will only be successful if checking of the catalog was actually performed. So you might have to force checking with options -l or -f.
BTW, hfsdebug as a PPC binary relies on Rosetta and thus will not run on Lion or later.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1384436/how-does-one-map-physical-sectors-of-a-disk-to-the-files-that-contain-them-on-an