问题
In a genetic algorithm, when selecting members for crossover using roulette-wheel selection method, does the population first need to be sorted by fitness rank?
The possibilities seem to be:
- sort population first by ascending fitness
- sort population by descending fitness
- don't sort population & let the roulette ball fall where it may..
I'm thinking that sorting either way may have no effect - a pebble landing at random on a wheel containing different sized (by fitness) slices will have exactly the same outcome chance whether the larger slices are grouped together or not. But I'm not 100% convinced.
What do you think?
The need to do a sort every generation affects the speed of the algorithm too, so I'd prefer not to (I would do a sort if using elitism, but I'm not in this case). Thanks if you know, as I cannot find a definitive answer via google etc..
回答1:
No, you don't actually need to sort them. You are exactly correct that it will have no effect if the higher-ranked members are grouped together or not (at least with a good random number generator :) ).
Your intuition is dead on here - statistically, it will have no effect to sort, and as you mention, you don't have to waste a bunch of time and effort sorting things!
回答2:
Even if you apply elitism, there is no need to sort the population.
Finding the best N individuals only requires a single iteration through the population.
回答3:
You do not need to sort the population if you use such a selection.
And you are also correct about the complexity, a sort is n*log(n), making the genetic algorithm significantly slower (but still, the complexity remains polynomial, a critical feature of a genetic algorithms).
Here is how I would do it (and get extra points at school for this):
implement a more generic solution using hooks - before mutation, after selection etc etc.
measure the number of iterations and the speed of the algorithm / each iteration
do your sorting in a hook. measure. now let the hook be empty and measure and so on.
You will get some nice data and experimentally verify what your intuition tells you.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/734668/roulette-wheel-selection-in-genetic-algorithm-population-needs-to-be-sorted-fir