安装brctl
apt-get install bridge-utils
设置网桥
可编辑 /etc/network/interface
文件。不过,我建议在 /etc/network/interface.d/
目录下放置一个全新的配置。在 Debian Linux 配置网桥的过程如下:
步骤 1 - 找出物理接口
$ ip -f inet a s
输出如下:
eno1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000 inet 192.168.2.23/24 brd 192.168.2.255 scope global eno1 valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
eno1是物理网卡
更新 /etc/network/interfaces 文件
确保只有 lo
(loopback 在 /etc/network/interface
中处于活动状态)。(LCTT 译注:loopback 指本地环回接口,也称为回送地址)删除与 eno1
相关的任何配置。
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system # and how to activate them. For more information, see interfaces(5). source /etc/network/interfaces.d/* # The loopback network interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback
在 /etc/network/interfaces.d/br0 中配置网桥(br0)
使用文本编辑器创建一个文本文件,比如 vi 命令:
$ sudo vi /etc/network/interfaces.d/br0
在其中添加配置:
## static ip config file for br0 ## auto br0 iface br0 inet static address 192.168.2.23 broadcast 192.168.2.255 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.2.254 # If the resolvconf package is installed, you should not edit # the resolv.conf configuration file manually. Set name server here #dns-nameservers 192.168.2.254 # If you have muliple interfaces such as eth0 and eth1 # bridge_ports eth0 eth1 bridge_ports eno1 bridge_stp off # disable Spanning Tree Protocol bridge_waitport 0 # no delay before a port becomes available bridge_fd 0 # no forwarding delay
若想DHCP 来获得 IP 地址
## DHCP ip config file for br0 ## auto br0 # Bridge setup iface br0 inet dhcp bridge_ports eno1
保存并关闭文件
在重新启动网络服务之前,请确保防火墙已关闭。防火墙可能会引用较老的接口,例如 eno1
。一旦服务重新启动,你必须更新 br0
接口的防火墙规则。键入以下命令重新启动防火墙:
$ sudo systemctl restart network-manager
确认服务已经重新启动:
$ systemctl status network-manager
借助 ip 命令寻找新的 br0
接口和路由表:
$ ip a s$ ip r $ ping -c 2 cyberciti.biz
示例输出:
brctl 命令查看网桥有关信息:
brctl show
显示当前网桥:
$ bridge link