Flask-SQLAlchemy: How to conditionally insert or update a row

问题

My application uses a combination of Flask, Flask-SQLAlchemy, Flask-WTF and Jinja2.

In its current incarnation, I have a settings table. The table will only have one record with one field. Initially the table contains zero records.

What I want to achieve is:

Given that no entries exist in db, then show empty form ready for user input
Given that an entry exist, show the entry, and
if the user changes the value, then update the rec in db.

Here is my code:

models.py

class Provider(db.Model):
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key = True)
    rssfeed = db.Column(db.String(120), unique = True)

    def __init__(self, rssfeed):
        self.rssfeed = rssfeed

    def __repr__(self):
        return '<NZBMatrix feed url %r>' % self.rssfeed

forms.py

class SettingsForm(Form):
    rssfeed = TextField('rssfed', validators= [Required()])

views.py

    @app.route('/settings', methods=["GET","POST"])
    def settings():
    """ show settings """
        provider = Provider.query.get(1)
        form = SettingsForm(obj=provider)
        print provider

        if request.method == "POST" and form.validate():
            if Provider.query.get(1) is None:
                provider = Provider(rssfeed=form.rssfeed.data)
                form.populate_obj(provider)
                db.session.add(provider)
                db.session.commit()
                flash("Settings added")

        return render_template("settings.html", form=form)

As it stands this code creates a record if it doesn't exists but the rssfeed column is empty.

How can I change this code so that it will INSERT if the record doesn't exist and UPDATE if it does?

回答1:

Once your form is validated etc,

To add a new record:

new_provider = Provider(form.rssfeed.data)
db.session.add(new_provider)
db.session.commit()

To update an existing record:

existing_provider = Provider.query.get(1) # or whatever
# update the rssfeed column
existing_provider.rssfeed = form.rssfeed.data
db.session.commit()

The trick in updating is that you just have to change the particular field and do a commit. rest is taken care by the db session. I think you are using the merge function which is now deprecated in SQLAlchemy.

回答2:

I have managed to solve the problem doing these changes to the view.py file:

@app.route('/settings', methods=["GET","POST"])
def settings():
    """ show settings """
    provider = Provider.query.get(1)
    form = SettingsForm(request.form,obj=provider)

    if request.method == "POST" and form.validate():
        if provider:
            provider.rssfeed = form.rssfeed.data
            db.session.merge(provider)
            db.session.commit()
            flash("Settings changed")
            return redirect(url_for("index"))
        else:
            provider = Provider(form.rssfeed.data)
            db.session.add(provider)
            db.session.commit()
            flash("Settings added")
            return redirect(url_for("index"))
    return render_template("settings.html", form=form)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11292612/flask-sqlalchemy-how-to-conditionally-insert-or-update-a-row

标签

python

Flask

flask-sqlalchemy

wtforms

flask-wtforms