1、maven实践心得

1、根本观点

        项目仅依赖于项目内的pom.xml，不依赖于本地maven配置，达到打开项目无需配置maven即可使用的需求。

2、具体配置

    1)、仓库和私服地址统一配置在父项目pom中，不建议配置在maven的setting.xml中，减少项目与maven配置信息的依赖

        【根pom.xml配置如下信息】：

    <repositories>
        <repository>
            <id>central</id>
            <name>Maven Repository Switchboard</name>
            <layout>default</layout>
            <url>http://repo1.maven.org/maven2</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
            <releases>
                <updatePolicy>interval:1</updatePolicy>
            </releases>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>sourceforge-releases</id>
            <name>sourceforge-releases</name>
            <url>https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/sourceforge-releases</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>false</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
        <repository>
            <id>nexus</id>
            <name>nexus</name>
            <url>http://nexus.company.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
            <snapshots>
                <enabled>true</enabled>
            </snapshots>
        </repository>
    </repositories>

    2)、包版本统一在父项目中配置，避免多个子项目配置不同版本的包

        【根pom.xml配置如下信息】：

    <properties>
        <!--配置包版本信息等-->
        <lib.util.version>2016.05.24.1</lib.util.version>

        <java.version>1.8</java.version>

        <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
        <mockito-all.version>1.10.19</mockito-all.version>
        <powermock-api-mockito.version>1.6.2</powermock-api-mockito.version>
        <powermock-module-junit4.version>1.6.2</powermock-module-junit4.version>

        <dom4j.version>1.6.1</dom4j.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!--inner reference begin-->
            <!--inner reference end-->

            <!--department inner reference start-->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.company.dealer.lib</groupId>
                <artifactId>util</artifactId>
                <version>${lib.util.version}</version>
            </dependency>
            <!--department inner reference end-->

            <!-- Unit Test begin -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>junit</groupId>
                <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                <version>${junit.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
                <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
                <version>${mockito-all.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
                <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito</artifactId>
                <version>${powermock-api-mockito.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
                <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>
                <version>${powermock-module-junit4.version}</version>
                <scope>test</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- Unit Test end -->

            <dependency>
                <groupId>dom4j</groupId>
                <artifactId>dom4j</artifactId>
                <version>${dom4j.version}</version>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

        【子项目pom.xml配置如下信息】： 

    <dependencies>
        <!--inner reference begin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.company.dealer.lib</groupId>
            <artifactId>util</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--inner reference end-->

        <!--test reference begin-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
            <artifactId>mockito-all</artifactId>
            <!--无需输入版本号，版本有父项目的pom来配置-->
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
            <artifactId>powermock-api-mockito</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.powermock</groupId>
            <artifactId>powermock-module-junit4</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--test reference end-->
    </dependencies>

        PS：无需指定软件版本信息，默认会继承父节点dependencyManagement节点下的版本信息

    3)、插件版本统一在父项目中配置

        例如：

    <build>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.6</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.4</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-javadoc-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.10.3</version>
                </plugin>
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>2.4.3</version>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>

        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>${java.version}</source>
                    <target>${java.version}</target>
                    <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>2.7</version>
                <!--bug fix:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/26281322/mavenfailed-to-execute-goal-org-apache-maven-pluginsmaven-resources-plugin2-7-->
                <dependencies>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>org.apache.maven.shared</groupId>
                        <artifactId>maven-filtering</artifactId>
                        <version>1.3</version>
                    </dependency>
                </dependencies>
                <configuration>
                    <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
                    <nonFilteredFileExtensions>
                        <nonFilteredFileExtension>dat</nonFilteredFileExtension>
                        <nonFilteredFileExtension>json</nonFilteredFileExtension>
                    </nonFilteredFileExtensions>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <!-- 单元测试覆盖率插件 -->
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.jacoco</groupId>
                <artifactId>jacoco-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>0.7.6.201602180812</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>pre-test</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>prepare-agent</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                    <execution>
                        <id>post-test</id>
                        <phase>test</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>report</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>

        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

3、示例代码

        地址：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1qXJU1UO

来源：oschina

链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/2352002/blog/704230