Zoom Canvas to Mouse Cursor

问题

I\'m programming a HTML5 < canvas > project that involves zooming in and out of images using the scroll wheel. I want to zoom towards the cursor like google maps does but I\'m completely lost on how to calculate the movements.

What I have: image x and y (top-left corner); image width and height; cursor x and y relative to the center of the canvas.

回答1:

In short, you want to translate() the canvas context by your offset, scale() it to zoom in or out, and then translate() back by the opposite of the mouse offset. Note that you need to transform the cursor position from screen space into the transformed canvas context.

ctx.translate(pt.x,pt.y);
ctx.scale(factor,factor);
ctx.translate(-pt.x,-pt.y);

Demo: http://phrogz.net/tmp/canvas_zoom_to_cursor.html

I've put up a full working example on my website for you to examine, supporting dragging, click to zoom in, shift-click to out, or scroll wheel up/down.

The only (current) issue is that Safari zooms too fast compared to Chrome or Firefox.

回答2:

I hope, these JS libraries will help you: (HTML5, JS)

1. Loupe

http://www.netzgesta.de/loupe/

2. CanvasZoom

https://github.com/akademy/CanvasZoom

3. Scroller

https://github.com/zynga/scroller

As for me, I'm using loupe. It's awesome! For you the best case - scroller.

回答3:

I recently needed to archive same results as Phrogz had already done but instead of using context.scale(), I calculated each object size based on ratio.

This is what I came up with. Logic behind it is very simple. Before scaling, I calculate point distance from edge in percentages and later adjust viewport to correct place.

It took me quite a while to come up with it, hope it saves someones time.

$(function () {
  var canvas = $('canvas.main').get(0)
  var canvasContext = canvas.getContext('2d')

  var ratio = 1
  var vpx = 0
  var vpy = 0
  var vpw = window.innerWidth
  var vph = window.innerHeight

  var orig_width = 4000
  var orig_height = 4000

  var width = 4000
  var height = 4000

  $(window).on('resize', function () {
    $(canvas).prop({
      width: window.innerWidth,
      height: window.innerHeight,
    })
  }).trigger('resize')

  $(canvas).on('wheel', function (ev) {
    ev.preventDefault() // for stackoverflow

    var step

    if (ev.originalEvent.wheelDelta) {
      step = (ev.originalEvent.wheelDelta > 0) ? 0.05 : -0.05
    }

    if (ev.originalEvent.deltaY) {
      step = (ev.originalEvent.deltaY > 0) ? 0.05 : -0.05
    }

    if (!step) return false // yea..

    var new_ratio = ratio + step
    var min_ratio = Math.max(vpw / orig_width, vph / orig_height)
    var max_ratio = 3.0

    if (new_ratio < min_ratio) {
      new_ratio = min_ratio
    }

    if (new_ratio > max_ratio) {
      new_ratio = max_ratio
    }

    // zoom center point
    var targetX = ev.originalEvent.clientX || (vpw / 2)
    var targetY = ev.originalEvent.clientY || (vph / 2)

    // percentages from side
    var pX = ((vpx * -1) + targetX) * 100 / width
    var pY = ((vpy * -1) + targetY) * 100 / height

    // update ratio and dimentsions
    ratio = new_ratio
    width = orig_width * new_ratio
    height = orig_height * new_ratio

    // translate view back to center point
    var x = ((width * pX / 100) - targetX)
    var y = ((height * pY / 100) - targetY)

    // don't let viewport go over edges
    if (x < 0) {
      x = 0
    }

    if (x + vpw > width) {
      x = width - vpw
    }

    if (y < 0) {
      y = 0
    }

    if (y + vph > height) {
      y = height - vph
    }

    vpx = x * -1
    vpy = y * -1
  })

  var is_down, is_drag, last_drag

  $(canvas).on('mousedown', function (ev) {
    is_down = true
    is_drag = false
    last_drag = { x: ev.clientX, y: ev.clientY }
  })

  $(canvas).on('mousemove', function (ev) {
    is_drag = true

    if (is_down) {
      var x = vpx - (last_drag.x - ev.clientX)
      var y = vpy - (last_drag.y - ev.clientY)

      if (x <= 0 && vpw < x + width) {
        vpx = x
      }

      if (y <= 0 && vph < y + height) {
        vpy = y
      }

      last_drag = { x: ev.clientX, y: ev.clientY }
    }
  })

  $(canvas).on('mouseup', function (ev) {
    is_down = false
    last_drag = null

    var was_click = !is_drag
    is_drag = false

    if (was_click) {

    }
  })

  $(canvas).css({ position: 'absolute', top: 0, left: 0 }).appendTo(document.body)

  function animate () {
    window.requestAnimationFrame(animate)

    canvasContext.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height)

    canvasContext.lineWidth = 1
    canvasContext.strokeStyle = '#ccc'

    var step = 100 * ratio

    for (var x = vpx; x < width + vpx; x += step) {
      canvasContext.beginPath()
      canvasContext.moveTo(x, vpy)
      canvasContext.lineTo(x, vpy + height)
      canvasContext.stroke()
    }
    for (var y = vpy; y < height + vpy; y += step) {
      canvasContext.beginPath()
      canvasContext.moveTo(vpx, y)
      canvasContext.lineTo(vpx + width, y)
      canvasContext.stroke()
    }

    canvasContext.strokeRect(vpx, vpy, width, height)

    canvasContext.beginPath()
    canvasContext.moveTo(vpx, vpy)
    canvasContext.lineTo(vpx + width, vpy + height)
    canvasContext.stroke()

    canvasContext.beginPath()
    canvasContext.moveTo(vpx + width, vpy)
    canvasContext.lineTo(vpx, vpy + height)
    canvasContext.stroke()

    canvasContext.restore()
  }

  animate()
})

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<title></title>
	<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
	<canvas class="main"></canvas>
</body>
</html>

回答4:

I took @Phrogz's answer as a basis and made a small library that enables canvas with dragging, zooming and rotating. Here is the example.

var canvas = document.getElementById('canvas')
//assuming that @param draw is a function where you do your main drawing.
var control = new CanvasManipulation(canvas, draw)
control.init()
control.layout()
//now you can drag, zoom and rotate in canvas

You can find more detailed examples and documentation on the project's page

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5189968/zoom-canvas-to-mouse-cursor