群查接口各种筛选组件数据准备
models.py
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class Car(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length = 16 , unique = True , verbose_name = '车名' ) price = models.DecimalField(max_digits = 10 , decimal_places = 2 , verbose_name = '价格' ) brand = models.CharField(max_length = 16 , verbose_name = '品牌' ) class Meta: db_table = 'api_car' verbose_name = '汽车表' verbose_name_plural = verbose_name def __str__( self ): return self .name |
admin.py
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admin.site.register(models.Car) |
serializers.py
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class CarModelSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = models.Car fields = [ 'name' , 'price' , 'brand' ] |
views.py
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# Car的群查接口 from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView): queryset = models.Car.objects. all () serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer |
urls.py
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url(r '^cars/$' , views.CarListAPIView.as_view()), |
drf搜索过滤组件
views.py
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from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView # 第一步:drf的SearchFilter - 搜索过滤 from rest_framework.filters import SearchFilter class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView): queryset = models.Car.objects. all () serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer # 第二步:局部配置 过滤类 们(全局配置用DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS) filter_backends = [SearchFilter] # 第三步:SearchFilter过滤类依赖的过滤条件 => 接口:/cars/?search=... search_fields = [ 'name' , 'price' ] # eg:/cars/?search=1,name和price中包含1的数据都会被查询出 |
drf排序过滤组件
views.py
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from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView # 第一步:drf的OrderingFilter - 排序过滤 from rest_framework.filters import OrderingFilter class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView): queryset = models.Car.objects. all () serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer # 第二步:局部配置 过滤类 们(全局配置用DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS) filter_backends = [OrderingFilter] # 第三步:OrderingFilter过滤类依赖的过滤条件 => 接口:/cars/?ordering=... ordering_fields = [ 'pk' , 'price' ] # eg:/cars/?ordering=-price,pk,先按price降序,如果出现price相同,再按pk升序 |
drf基础分页组件
pahenations.py
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from rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination class MyPageNumberPagination(PageNumberPagination): # ?page=页码 page_query_param = 'page' # ?page=页面 下默认一页显示的条数 page_size = 3 # ?page=页面&page_size=条数 用户自定义一页显示的条数 page_size_query_param = 'page_size' # 用户自定义一页显示的条数最大限制:数值超过5也只显示5条 max_page_size = 5 |
views.py
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from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView): # 如果queryset没有过滤条件,就必须 .all(),不然分页会出问题 queryset = models.Car.objects. all () serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer # 分页组件 - 给视图类配置分页类即可 - 分页类需要自定义,继承drf提供的分页类即可 pagination_class = pagenations.MyPageNumberPagination |
drf偏移分页组件
pahenations.py
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from rest_framework.pagination import LimitOffsetPagination class MyLimitOffsetPagination(LimitOffsetPagination): # ?offset=从头偏移的条数&limit=要显示的条数 limit_query_param = 'limit' offset_query_param = 'offset' # ?不传offset和limit默认显示前3条,只设置offset就是从偏移位往后再显示3条 default_limit = 3 # ?limit可以自定义一页显示的最大条数 max_limit = 5 # 只使用limit结合ordering可以实现排行前几或后几 # ?ordering=-price&limit=2 => 价格前2 |
views.py
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from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView): # 如果queryset没有过滤条件,就必须 .all(),不然分页会出问题 queryset = models.Car.objects. all () serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer # 分页组件 - 给视图类配置分页类即可 - 分页类需要自定义,继承drf提供的分页类即可 pagination_class = pagenations.MyLimitOffsetPagination |
drf游标分页组件(了解)
pahenations.py
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# 注:必须基于排序规则下进行分页 # 1)如果接口配置了OrderingFilter过滤器,那么url中必须传ordering # 1)如果接口没有配置OrderingFilter过滤器,一定要在分页类中声明ordering按某个字段进行默认排序 from rest_framework.pagination import CursorPagination class MyCursorPagination(CursorPagination): cursor_query_param = 'cursor' page_size = 3 page_size_query_param = 'page_size' max_page_size = 5 ordering = '-pk' |
views.py
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from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView): # 如果queryset没有过滤条件,就必须 .all(),不然分页会出问题 queryset = models.Car.objects. all () serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer # 分页组件 - 给视图类配置分页类即可 - 分页类需要自定义,继承drf提供的分页类即可 pagination_class = pagenations.MyCursorPagination |
自定义过滤器
filters.py
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# 自定义过滤器,接口:?limit=显示的条数 class LimitFilter: def filter_queryset( self , request, queryset, view): # 前台固定用 ?limit=... 传递过滤参数 limit = request.query_params.get( 'limit' ) if limit: limit = int (limit) return queryset[:limit] return queryset |
views.py
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from rest_framework.generics import ListAPIView class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView): # 如果queryset没有过滤条件,就必须 .all(),不然分页会出问题 queryset = models.Car.objects. all () serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer # 局部配置 过滤类 们(全局配置用DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS) filter_backends = [LimitFilter] |
过滤器插件:django-filter
安装
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>: pip3 install django - filter |
过滤条件层:自定义api/filters.py
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# django-filter插件过滤器类 from django_filters.rest_framework.filterset import FilterSet from . import models # 自定义过滤字段 from django_filters import filters class CarFilterSet(FilterSet): min_price = filters.NumberFilter(field_name = 'price' , lookup_expr = 'gte' ) max_price = filters.NumberFilter(field_name = 'price' , lookup_expr = 'lte' ) class Meta: model = models.Car fields = [ 'brand' , 'min_price' , 'max_price' ] # brand是model中存在的字段,一般都是可以用于分组的字段 # min_price、max_price是自定义字段,需要自己自定义过滤条件 |
视图层:views.py
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# django-filter插件过滤器 from django_filters.rest_framework import DjangoFilterBackend from .filters import CarFilterSet class CarListAPIView(ListAPIView): queryset = models.Car.objects. all () serializer_class = serializers.CarModelSerializer # 局部配置 过滤类 们(全局配置用DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS) filter_backends = [DjangoFilterBackend] # django-filter过滤器插件使用 filter_class = CarFilterSet # 接口:?brand=...&min_price=...&max_price=... # eg:?brand=宝马&min_price=5&max_price=10 => 5~10间的宝马牌汽车 |