1.安装准备
配置防火墙，开启3306端口：
[root@localhost src]# vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT
注：这条规则应该添加到默认22端口的后面。(如上所示)
重启防火墙，使其配置生效：
[root@localhost src]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
关闭SELINUX:
[root@localhost src]# vi /etc/selinux/config
在最后面添加如下信息：
SELINUX=disabled
:x ←保存退出
重启系统，使其生效：
[root@localhost src]# shutdown -r now
查看当前版本信息：
[feng@localhost Tools]$ rpm -qa|grep mysql
mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64
卸载当前较低版本：(需要root权限)
[root@localhost Tools]# yum -y remove mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64
2.安装Cmake，为MySQL编译工具(版本：cmake-2.8.9.tar.gz，在/usr/local/src目录中)
安装gcc-c++，如果没有当执行./bootstrap时报错如下：
---------------------------------------------
CMake 2.8.9, Copyright 2000-2011 Kitware, Inc.
C compiler on this system is: cc
---------------------------------------------
Error when bootstrapping CMake:
Cannot find appropriate C++ compiler on this system.
Please specify one using environment variable CXX.
See cmake_bootstrap.log for compilers attempted.
---------------------------------------------
Log of errors: /usr/local/src/cmake-2.8.9/Bootstrap.cmk/cmake_bootstrap.log
---------------------------------------------
报错：缺少gcc-C++编译器
解决办法：安装gcc-c++编译器
[root@localhost src]# yum install gcc-c++ ←安装，选择y安装完成
[root@localhost src]# tar zxvf cmake-2.8.9.tar.gz ←解压
[root@localhost src]# cd cmake-2.8.9
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.9]# ./bootstrap ←同执行./configure
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.9]# gmake ←编译
[root@localhost cmake-2.8.9]# gmake install ←安装
3.正式安装
[root@localhost src]# tar zxvf mysql-5.5.27.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# cd mysql-5.5.27
安装ncurses-devel包和bison包，否则执行cmake .时会出错
缺少ncurses-devel包信息如下：
-- Could NOT find Curses (missing: CURSES_LIBRARY CURSES_INCLUDE_PATH)
CMake Error at cmake/readline.cmake:83 (MESSAGE):
Curses library not found. Please install appropriate package,
remove CMakeCache.txt and rerun cmake.On Debian/Ubuntu, package name is libncurses5-dev, on Redhat and derivates it is ncurses-devel.
Call Stack (most recent call first):
cmake/readline.cmake:127 (FIND_CURSES)
cmake/readline.cmake:217 (MYSQL_USE_BUNDLED_LIBEDIT)
CMakeLists.txt:268 (MYSQL_CHECK_READLINE)
-- Configuring incomplete, errors occurred!
原因：缺少ncurses-devel包，需要先删除CMakeCache.txt，再进行安装
缺少bison包信息如下：
Warning: Bison executable not found in PATH
-- Configuring done
-- Generating done
-- Build files have been written to: /usr/local/src/mysql-5.5.27
原因：缺少bison包
为了避免出错，所以先安装ncurses-devel包和bison包
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# yum install ncurses-devel
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# yum install bison
配置用户和用户组：
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# groupadd mysql ←添加mysql用户组
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# useradd -g mysql mysql -s /bin/false ←创建mysql用户，并加入到mysql组，不允许mysql用户直接登录系统
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# mkdir -p /data/mysql ←创建数据库存放目录
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/ ←设置数据库目录权限
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql ←设置安装目录
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc ←别漏了有个点。
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# make && make install ←时间较长
4.配置
[root@localhost mysql-5.5.27]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf ←拷贝配置文件，若存在则覆盖
[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/my.cnf ←编辑，在[mysqld]下增加一行
datadir = /data/mysql
:x ←保存退出
[root@localhost mysql]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql ←生成mysql系统数据库
[root@localhost mysql]# cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld ←把mysql加入系统启动
[root@localhost mysql]# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld ←增加执行权限
[root@localhost init.d]# chkconfig mysqld on ←加入开机启动
[root@localhost init.d]# vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld ←编辑
basedir=/usr/local/mysql ←mysql程序安装路径
datadir=/data/mysql ←mysql数据存放vi 路径
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld start ←启动
成功则提示：Starting MySQL..... SUCCESS!
将mysql服务加入系统环境变量
[root@localhost mysql]# vi /etc/profile ←编辑
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin ←在最后加上:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@localhost mysql]# source /etc/profile ←使其配置生效
5.设置密码
[root@localhost bin]# ./mysqladmin -u root password 123456 ←设置成功
设置成功后重新启动！
[root@localhost mysql]# service mysqld restart
6.删除匿名用户
[feng@localhost ~]$ mysql -u root -p ←通过密码登录
Enter password: ←输入密码
mysql> select user,host,password from mysql.user; ←查看用户信息
mysql> delete from mysql.user where user=""; ←删除匿名用户
来源：oschina
链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/273709/blog/77432