springboot整合多数据源配置

旧街凉风 提交于 2019-12-02 17:04:54

简介

主要介绍两种整合方式,分别是 springboot+mybatis 使用分包方式整合,和 springboot+druid+mybatisplus 使用注解方式整合。

一、表结构

在本地新建两个数据库,名称分别为db1db2,新建一张user表,表结构如下:
user表结构.png
SQL代码:

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',
  `name` varchar(25) NOT NULL COMMENT '姓名',
  `age` int(2) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '年龄',
  `sex` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '性别:0-男,1-女',
  `addr` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '地址',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

二、多数据源整合

1. springboot+mybatis使用分包方式整合

1.1 主要依赖包

  • spring-boot-starter-web
  • mybatis-spring-boot-starter
  • mysql-connector-java
  • lombok

pom.xml 文件如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>multipledatasource</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>multipledatasource</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>
   
    <dependencies>
        <!-- spring 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
         <!-- mysql 依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

1.2 application.yml 配置文件

server:
  port: 8080 # 启动端口
spring:
  datasource: 
    db1: # 数据源1
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1?characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
      username: root
      password: root
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    db2: # 数据源2
      jdbc-url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2?characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
      username: root
      password: root
      driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

注意事项

  • 各个版本的 springboot 配置 datasource 时参数有所变化,例如低版本配置数据库 url 时使用 url 属性,高版本使用 jdbc-url 属性,请注意区分。

    1.3 建立连接数据源的配置文件

    第一个配置文件
@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.multipledatasource.mapper.db1", sqlSessionFactoryRef = "db1SqlSessionFactory")
public class DataSourceConfig1 {

    @Primary // 表示这个数据源是默认数据源, 这个注解必须要加,因为不加的话spring将分不清楚那个为主数据源(默认数据源)
    @Bean("db1DataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.db1") //读取application.yml中的配置参数映射成为一个对象
    public DataSource getDb1DataSource(){
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Primary
    @Bean("db1SqlSessionFactory")
    public SqlSessionFactory db1SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("db1DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
        // mapper的xml形式文件位置必须要配置,不然将报错:no statement (这种错误也可能是mapper的xml中,namespace与项目的路径不一致导致)
        bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath*:mapping/db1/*.xml"));
        return bean.getObject();
    }

    @Primary
    @Bean("db1SqlSessionTemplate")
    public SqlSessionTemplate db1SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("db1SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory){
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }
}

第二个配置文件

@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.multipledatasource.mapper.db2", sqlSessionFactoryRef = "db2SqlSessionFactory")
public class DataSourceConfig2 {

    @Bean("db2DataSource")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource.db2")
    public DataSource getDb1DataSource(){
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean("db2SqlSessionFactory")
    public SqlSessionFactory db1SqlSessionFactory(@Qualifier("db2DataSource") DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        bean.setDataSource(dataSource);
        bean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("classpath*:mapping/db2/*.xml"));
        return bean.getObject();
    }

    @Bean("db2SqlSessionTemplate")
    public SqlSessionTemplate db1SqlSessionTemplate(@Qualifier("db2SqlSessionFactory") SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory){
        return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
    }
}

1.4 具体实现

项目结构如下:
项目结构.png

注意事项

  • 在 service 层中根据不同的业务注入不同的 dao 层
  • 如果是主从复制- -读写分离:比如 db1 中负责增删改,db2 中负责查询。但是需要注意的是负责增删改的数据库必须是主库(master)

    2. springboot+druid+mybatisplus使用注解整合

    2.1 主要依赖包

    • spring-boot-starter-web
    • mybatis-plus-boot-starter
    • dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter # 配置动态数据源
    • druid-spring-boot-starter # 阿里的数据库连接池
    • mysql-connector-java
    • lombok

pom.xml 文件如下
```


4.0.0

org.springframework.boot
spring-boot-starter-parent
2.1.9.RELEASE


com.example
mutipledatasource2
0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
mutipledatasource2
Demo project for Spring Boot

<properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>3.2.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
        <artifactId>dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.6</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
        <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        <version>1.1.20</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
        <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        <optional>true</optional>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

<profiles>
    <profile>
        <id>local1</id>
        <properties>
            <profileActive>local1</profileActive>
        </properties>
        <activation>
            <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
        </activation>
    </profile>
    <profile>
        <id>local2</id>
        <properties>
            <profileActive>local2</profileActive>
        </properties>
    </profile>
</profiles>

####2.2 application.yml 配置文件

server:
port: 8080
spring:
datasource:
dynamic:
primary: db1 # 配置默认数据库
datasource:
db1: # 数据源1配置
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db1?characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
username: root
password: root
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
db2: # 数据源2配置
url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db2?characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8
username: root
password: root
driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
durid:
initial-size: 1
max-active: 20
min-idle: 1
max-wait: 60000
autoconfigure:
exclude: com.alibaba.druid.spring.boot.autoconfigure.DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure # 去除druid配置
* `DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure`会注入一个`DataSourceWrapper`,其会在原生的`spring.datasource`下找 url, username, password 等。动态数据源 URL 等配置是在 dynamic 下,因此需要排除,否则会报错。排除方式有两种,一种是上述配置文件排除,还有一种可以在项目启动类排除:java
@SpringBootApplication(exclude = DruidDataSourceAutoConfigure.class)
public class Application {
public static void main(String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args);
}
}
####2.3 给使用非默认数据源添加注解@DS `@DS` 可以注解在方法上和类上,同时存在方法注解优先于类上注解。 注解在 service 实现或 mapper 接口方法上,不要同时在 service 和 mapper 注解。java
@DS("db2")
public interface UserMapper extends BaseMapper {
}

@Service
@DS("db2")
public class ModelServiceImpl extends ServiceImpl<ModelMapper, Model> implements IModelService {}

@Select("SELECT * FROM user")
@DS("db2")
List selectAll();
```

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