Spring4.X整合Hibernate

1、Spring整合Hibernate，整合什么？

① 由Spring的IOC容器管理Hibernate的SessionFactory
② 让Hibernate使用上Spring的声明式事务

2、整合步骤

① 加入Hibernate
 i、jar包
 ii、添加hibernate配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml文件
 iii、编写了持久化对应的.hbm.xml文件

注：

可以使用Hibernate插件进行配置文件的自动生成，然后稍作修改即可（见参考资料）。
② 加入Spring

 i、jar包
 ii、加入Spring的配置文件

    a、配置数据源

    db.properties配置

jdbc.user=root
jdbc.password=liuhao
jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///spring7

jdbc.initPoolSize=5
jdbc.maxPoolSize=10

 applicationContext.xml配置

<!-- 配置数据源 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
	
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> 
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
		
		<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
		<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
	</bean>

    b、配置Hibernate的SessionFactory实例

    hibernate.cfg.xml配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
		"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
		"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
	<session-factory>
		<!-- 配置hibernate的基本属性 -->
		<!-- 1、数据源需配置到Spring IOC容器中，所以此处无需配置数据源 -->
		<!-- 2、关联的.hbm.xml也在IOC容器配置SessionFactory实例是再进行配置 -->
		<!-- 3、可以配置Hibernate的基本属性，如方言、SQL显示及格式化，生成数据表的策略及二级缓存等 -->
		<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
		<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
		<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
		<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
		
		<!-- 配置Hibernate的二级缓存属性相关 -->
	</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

applicationContext.xml配置 

<!-- 配置Hibernate的SessionFactory实例:通过Spring提供的LocalSessionFactoryBean进行配置 -->
	<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<!-- 配置数据源属性 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
		
		<!-- 配置hibernate配置文件的位置及名称 -->
		<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
		
		<!-- 配置hibernate映射文件的位置及名称，可以使用通配符 -->
		<property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/lty/spring/hibernate/entity/*.hbm.xml"></property>
	</bean>

      c、配置Spring的声明式事务(applicationContext.xml配置)

<!-- 配置Spring的声明式事务 -->
	<!-- 1、配置事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 2、配置事务属性，需要事务管理器 -->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
			<tx:method name="*"/>
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
	
	<!-- 3、配置事务切点，并将切点与事务属性关联起来 -->
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.lty.spring.hibernate.service.*.*(..))" id="txPointcut"/>
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>
	</aop:config>

③ 整合

i、编写代码

3、代码测试

① 买isbn为“1001”的书时，为什么去掉applicationContext.xml切点与事务关联配置后，预期库存-1，余额不变无法测试？

    <!-- 3、配置事务切点，并将切点与事务属性关联起来 -->
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.lty.spring.hibernate.service.*.*(..))" id="txPointcut"/>
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>
	</aop:config>

    @Test
	public void testBookShopService(){
		bookShopService.purchase("aa", "1001");
	}

原因：

这是因为去掉这部分配置后，session将无法获取(Hibernate与Spring整合的Session是建立在Spring事务基础之上的)：

org.hibernate.HibernateException: No Session found for current thread
	at org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.SpringSessionContext.currentSession(SpringSessionContext.java:106)
	at org.hibernate.internal.SessionFactoryImpl.getCurrentSession(SessionFactoryImpl.java:988)
	at com.lty.spring.hibernate.dao.impl.BookShopDaoImpl.getSession(BookShopDaoImpl.java:27)
	at com.lty.spring.hibernate.dao.impl.BookShopDaoImpl.findBookPriceByIsbn(BookShopDaoImpl.java:33)
	at com.lty.spring.hibernate.service.impl.BookShopServiceImpl.purchase(BookShopServiceImpl.java:37)
	at com.lty.spring.hibernate.test.SpringHibernateTest.testBookShopService(SpringHibernateTest.java:36)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod$1.runReflectiveCall(FrameworkMethod.java:50)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
	at org.junit.runners.model.FrameworkMethod.invokeExplosively(FrameworkMethod.java:47)
	at org.junit.internal.runners.statements.InvokeMethod.evaluate(InvokeMethod.java:17)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runLeaf(ParentRunner.java:325)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:78)
	at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
	at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:86)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
	at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)

无法测试详细原因说明： 

package com.lty.spring.hibernate.service.impl;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.lty.spring.hibernate.dao.BookShopDao;
import com.lty.spring.hibernate.service.BookShopService;

@Service
public class BookShopServiceImpl implements BookShopService {

	@Autowired
	private BookShopDao bookShopDao;
	
	/***
	 * 
	 * Spring Hibernate 事务的流程
	 * 1、在方法(spring事务)开始之前
	 * ① 获取session
	 * ② 将session和当前线程绑定，这样就可以在Dao中使用SessionFactory的
	 * getCurrentSession()方法来获取Session了
	 * ③ 开启事务
	 * 
	 * 2、若方法正常结束，即未出现异常，则
	 * ① 提交事务
	 * ② 将Session与当前线程解除绑定
	 * ③ 关闭Session
	 * 
	 * 3、若方法出现异常，则
	 * ① 回滚事务
	 * ② 将Session与当前线程解除绑定
	 * ③ 关闭Session
	 * 
	 */
	@Override
	public void purchase(String username, String isbn) {
		int price = bookShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn(isbn);
		bookShopDao.updateBookStock(isbn);
		bookShopDao.updateUserAccount(username, price);
	}

}

② checkout方法测试事务的传播行为(允许买"1001"一本成功)：

    <!-- 2、配置事务属性，需要事务管理器 -->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
			<tx:method name="purchase" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/>
			<tx:method name="*"/>
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>

4、附关键文件完整代码

① applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd">
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.lty.spring.hibernate"></context:component-scan>

	<!-- 配置数据源 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
	
	<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> 
		<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
		<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
		<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
		<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
		
		<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
		<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置Hibernate的SessionFactory实例:通过Spring提供的LocalSessionFactoryBean进行配置 -->
	<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<!-- 配置数据源属性 -->
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
		
		<!-- 配置hibernate配置文件的位置及名称 -->
		<!-- <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property> -->
		
		<!-- 使用hibernateProperties属性来配置Hibernate原生的属性 (不推荐)-->
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
		
		<!-- 配置hibernate映射文件的位置及名称，可以使用通配符 -->
		<property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/lty/spring/hibernate/entity/*.hbm.xml"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 配置Spring的声明式事务 -->
	<!-- 1、配置事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>
	
	<!-- 2、配置事务属性，需要事务管理器 -->
	<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
		<tx:attributes>
			<tx:method name="get*" read-only="true"/>
			<tx:method name="purchase" propagation="REQUIRES_NEW"/>
			<tx:method name="*"/>
		</tx:attributes>
	</tx:advice>
	
	<!-- 3、配置事务切点，并将切点与事务属性关联起来 -->
	<aop:config>
		<aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.lty.spring.hibernate.service.*.*(..))" id="txPointcut"/>
		<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="txPointcut"/>
	</aop:config>
</beans>

② SpringHibernateTest

package com.lty.spring.hibernate.test;

import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Arrays;

import javax.sql.DataSource;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import com.lty.spring.hibernate.service.BookShopService;
import com.lty.spring.hibernate.service.Cashier;

public class SpringHibernateTest {
	private ApplicationContext ctx = null;
	
	private BookShopService bookShopService = null;
	
	private Cashier cashier = null;
	
	{
		ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
		bookShopService = ctx.getBean(BookShopService.class);
		cashier = ctx.getBean(Cashier.class);
	}

	@Test
	public void testDataSource() throws SQLException{
		DataSource dataSource = ctx.getBean(DataSource.class);
		System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testBookShopService(){
		bookShopService.purchase("aa", "1001");
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testCashier(){
		cashier.checkout("aa", Arrays.asList("1001","1002"));
	}
}

详细代码参考：码云spring-5

 

参考资料

1、如何在Eclipse上安装hibernate Tool?

来源：oschina

链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/3144678/blog/1554650