How to use Generic (higher-kinded) type variables in python's type hinting system?

问题

Suppose I want to write a generic class using mypy, but the type argument for the class is itself a generic type. For example:

from typing import TypeVar, Generic, Callable

A = TypeVar("A")
B = TypeVar("B")
T = TypeVar("T")


class FunctorInstance(Generic[T]):
    def __init__(self, map: Callable[[Callable[[A], B], T[A]], T[B]]):
        self._map = map

    def map(self, x: T[A], f: Callable[[A], B]) -> T[B]:
        return self._map(f, x)

When I try to call mypy in the definition above I get an error:

$ mypy typeclasses.py 
typeclasses.py:9: error: Type variable "T" used with arguments
typeclasses.py:12: error: Type variable "T" used with arguments 

I tried adding constraints to the T TypeVar's definition but failed to make this work. Is it possible to do this?

回答1:

Currently, as of writing, the mypy project does not support higher-kinded types. See the following github issue:

https://github.com/python/typing/issues/548

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/54118095/how-to-use-generic-higher-kinded-type-variables-in-pythons-type-hinting-syste