Javascript breaking a for loop inside a callback function

问题

I have code like the following:

function test(obj) {

    if(//some conditon) {
        obj.onload();
    }else{
        obj.onerror();
    }
}


for(var i=0;i<4;i++){   

    test({
        onload:function(e){          
            //some code to run
        },
        onerror:function(e){
            break;
        }


    });
}

The gist is the test() function is a function to make an XHR request (it is actually an API of the Appcelerator Titanium platform so I have no control over it) and I'm looping something to call the test function. I need to break the loop on the onerror function, but I get an error saying the break is not inside a loop or switch statement. How can I rewrite this?

回答1:

If your code sample does represent some actual code (i.e. all the processing is done in the same event loop tick), you may do the following:

function test(obj) {

    if (some_condition) {
        return obj.onload();
    } else {
        return obj.onerror();
    }
}

var result;
for(var i=0; i<4; i++){   

    result = test({
        onload:function(e){          
            //some code to run
            return true;
        },
        onerror:function(e){
            return false;
        }


    });

    if (!result) {
        break;
    }
}

Otherwise, if there is something asynchronous done, you have to call test sequentially, and not in parallel. For example,

function test(obj) {
    doSomeAjaxRequest(arguments, function (err, result) {
        if (some_condition) {
            obj.onload();
        } else {
            obj.onerror();
        }
    });
}

var f = function (i) {
    if (i >= 4) return;
    test({
        onload:function(e){          
            //some code to run
            f(i+1);
        },
        onerror:function(e){
            break;
        }
    });
}

f(0);

回答2:

Not possible. A for loop is a synchronous procedure while an Ajax request is not. That means when the onerror callback happens, the for loop is already done executing.

As an alternative you could introduce a check into your onsuccess handler which confirms no errors have happened yet.

var errorOccured = false;
for(var i=0;i<4;i++){   

test({
    onload:function(e){   
        if(errorOccured) return;
        //some code to run
    },
    onerror:function(e){
        errorOccured = true;
    }


});
}

回答3:

Bit hacky maybe but one could do something like this with a handler function.

var handler = function(array, callback){
    for(var i=0, l=array.length, e=array[i]; i<l; ++i){
        if(true === handler.exit){
            handler.exit = false; //restore
            return;
        }
        callback.call(null, e);
    }
};
handler.exit = false; 

handler([1,2,3], function(e){
   console.log(e);
   if(2 === e){
       arguments.callee.caller.exit = true; // :-)
   }
});

Didn't test this but maybe you could bind function to scope in call even?

var handler = function(a, f){
    this.exit = false;
    for(var i=0, l=a.length, e=a[i]; i<l; ++i){
        if(true === this.exit){
            this.exit = false; //restore
            return;
        }
        callback.call(this, e);
    }
};
handler([1,2,3], function(e){
   console.log(e);
   if(2 === e){
       this.exit = true;
   }
});

回答4:

You cannot break the loop inside test() function. I think the best solution in this case would be to throw an exception inside test() function, then catch it in the loop and break.

回答5:

Maybe you can make the 'onload' callback recursive?

Meaning, you just call the 'test' method inside the 'onload' handlerr, this would also mean you fire all requests in order instead of all at the same time.

回答6:

I take the answer of penartur, but I modified without the "break":

function test(obj) {
    doSomeAjaxRequest(arguments, function (err, result) {
        if (some_condition) {
            obj.onload();
        } else {
            obj.onerror();
        }
    });
}

var f = function (i) {
    if (i >= 4) return;
    test({
        onload:function(e){          
            //some code to run
            f(i+1);
        },
        onerror:function(e){
            console.log('stop');
        }
    });
}

f(0);

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11842686/javascript-breaking-a-for-loop-inside-a-callback-function