What are the differences of these three static url?
I am not sure if I am right, I am using the MEDIA_ROOT
to store my uploaded photos (via models.ImageField()
)
However, I created a JS script to my admin and in admin.py
. I defined the media as below:
....
class Media:
js = ('/admin/custom.js', )
and my settings.py
:
....
STATIC_ROOT = "/home/user/project/django1/top/listing/static"
and I added the custom.js
to STATIC_ROOT/admin/custom.js
, but it is not working. Throwing 404 not found error.
And then I change the STATIC_ROOT
to STATICFILES_DIRS
, and it works!!
....
STATICFILES_DIRS = "/home/user/project/django1/top/listing/static"
So, I am not understand what is going on here. In fact, I just don't understand what is the difference between STATIC_ROOT
and STATICFILES_DIRS
.
Currently I am testing Django in my machine via virtualenv, not deployed yet, is it the reason STATIC_ROOT
not working??
You can find these settings in the Django documentation. Here are my own definitions and quotations from the documentation:
MEDIA_ROOT
is the folder where files uploaded usingFileField
will go.Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
STATIC_ROOT
is the folder where static files will be stored after usingmanage.py collectstatic
The absolute path to the directory where
collectstatic
will collect static files for deployment.If the
staticfiles
contrib app is enabled (default) thecollectstatic
management command will collect static files into this directory. See the howto on managing static files for more details about usage.STATICFILES_DIRS
is the list of folders where Django will search for additional static files aside from thestatic
folder of each app installed.This setting defines the additional locations the staticfiles app will traverse if the
FileSystemFinder
finder is enabled, e.g. if you use thecollectstatic
orfindstatic
management command or use the static file serving view.
In your settings, you should have:
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "media/")
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
# Make a tuple of strings instead of a string
STATICFILES_DIRS = ("/home/user/project/django1/top/listing/static", )
...where:
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
as defined in the default Django settings.py
now.
Development
STATIC_ROOT
is useless during development, it's only required for deployment.
While in development, STATIC_ROOT
does nothing. You even don't need to set it. Django looks for static files inside each app's directory (myProject/appName/static
) and serves them automatically.
This is the magic done by manage.py runserver
when DEBUG=True
.
Deployment
When your project goes live, things differ. Most likely you will serve dynamic content using Django and static files will be served by Nginx. Why? Because Nginx is incredibly efficient and will reduce the workload off Django.
This is where STATIC_ROOT
becomes handy, as Nginx doesn't know anything about your django project and doesn't know where to find static files.
So you set STATIC_ROOT = '/some/folder/'
and tell Nginx to look for static files in /some/folder/
. Then you run manage.py collectstatic
and Django will copy static files from all the apps you have to /some/folder/
.
Extra directories for static files
STATICFILES_DIRS
is used to include additional directories for collectstatic
to look for. For example, by default, Django doesn't recognize /myProject/static/
. So you can include it yourself.
Example
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
if not DEBUG:
STATIC_ROOT = '/home/django/www-data/site.com/static/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = [
os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static/'),
]
Difference between STATICFILES_DIRS
and STATIC_ROOT
The STATICFILES_DIRS
can contain other directories (not necessarily app directories) with static files and these static files will be collected into your STATIC_ROOT when you run collectstatic
. These static files will then be served by your web server and they will be served from your STATIC_ROOT.
If you have files currently in your STATIC_ROOT that you wish to serve then you need to move these to a different directory and put that other directory in STATICFILES_DIRS
. Your STATIC_ROOT
directory should be empty and all static files should be collected into that directory.
MEDIA_ROOT
where media files ,all uploaded files goes.
Example : Images, Files
来源:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24022558/differences-between-staticfiles-dir-static-root-and-media-root