how to use spacy lemmatizer to get a word into basic form

Question

I am new to spacy and I want to use its lemmatizer function, but I don\'t know how to use it, like I into strings of word, which will return the string with the basic form the w

Answer 1

Code :

import os
from spacy.en import English, LOCAL_DATA_DIR

data_dir = os.environ.get('SPACY_DATA', LOCAL_DATA_DIR)

nlp = English(data_dir=data_dir)

doc3 = nlp(u"this is spacy lemmatize testing. programming books are more better than others")

for token in doc3:
    print token, token.lemma, token.lemma_

Output :

this 496 this
is 488 be
spacy 173779 spacy
lemmatize 1510965 lemmatize
testing 2900 testing
. 419 .
programming 3408 programming
books 1011 book
are 488 be
more 529 more
better 615 better
than 555 than
others 871 others

Example Ref: here

Answer 2

I used:

import spacy

nlp = en_core_web_sm.load()
doc = nlp("did displaying words")
print(" ".join([token.lemma_ for token in doc]))
>>> do display word

But it gived OSError: [E050] Can't find model 'en_core_web_sm'. It doesn't seem to be a shortcut link, a Python package or a valid path to a data directory. error, I used:

pip3 install https://github.com/explosion/spacy-models/releases/download/en_core_web_sm-2.2.0/en_core_web_sm-2.2.0.tar.gz

to get rid of error.

Answer 3

If you want to use just the Lemmatizer, you can do that in the following way:

from spacy.lemmatizer import Lemmatizer
from spacy.lang.en import LEMMA_INDEX, LEMMA_EXC, LEMMA_RULES

lemmatizer = Lemmatizer(LEMMA_INDEX, LEMMA_EXC, LEMMA_RULES)
lemmas = lemmatizer(u'ducks', u'NOUN')
print(lemmas)

Output

['duck']

Update

Since spacy version 2.2, LEMMA_INDEX, LEMMA_EXC, and LEMMA_RULES have been bundled into a Lookups Object:

import spacy
nlp = spacy.load('en')

nlp.vocab.lookups
>>> <spacy.lookups.Lookups object at 0x7f89a59ea810>
nlp.vocab.lookups.tables
>>> ['lemma_lookup', 'lemma_rules', 'lemma_index', 'lemma_exc']

You can still use the lemmatizer directly with a word and a POS (part of speech) tag:

from spacy.lemmatizer import Lemmatizer, ADJ, NOUN, VERB

lemmatizer = nlp.vocab.morphology.lemmatizer
lemmatizer('ducks', NOUN)
>>> ['duck']

You can pass the POS tag as the imported constant like above or as string:

lemmatizer('ducks', 'NOUN')
>>> ['duck']

from spacy.lemmatizer import Lemmatizer, ADJ, NOUN, VERB

Answer 4

Previous answer is convoluted and can't be edited, so here's a more conventional one.

# make sure your downloaded the english model with "python -m spacy download en"

import spacy
nlp = spacy.load('en')

doc = nlp(u"Apples and oranges are similar. Boots and hippos aren't.")

for token in doc:
    print(token, token.lemma, token.lemma_)

Output:

Apples 6617 apples
and 512 and
oranges 7024 orange
are 536 be
similar 1447 similar
. 453 .
Boots 4622 boot
and 512 and
hippos 98365 hippo
are 536 be
n't 538 not
. 453 .

From the official Lighting tour

Answer 5

I use Spacy version 2.x

import spacy
nlp = spacy.load('en_core_web_sm', disable=['parser', 'ner'])
doc = nlp('did displaying words')
print (" ".join([token.lemma_ for token in doc]))

and the output :

do display word

Hope it helps :)