Is there a compiled* programming language with dynamic, maybe even weak typing?

Question

I wondered if there is a programming language which compiles to machine code/binary (not bytecode then executed by a VM, that\'s something completely different when considering

Answer 1

C# 4.0 has many, if not all of these characteristics. If you really want native machine code, you can compile the bytecode down to machine code using a utility.

In particular, the use of the dynamic keyword allows objects and their members to be bound dynamically at runtime.

Check out Anders Hejlsberg's video, The Future of C#, for a primer:

http://channel9.msdn.com/pdc2008/TL16/

Answer 2

In a similar vein to Lisp, there is Factor, a concatenative* language with no variables by default, dynamic typing, and a flexible object system. Factor code can be run in the interactive interpreter, or compiled to a native executable using its deploy function.

* point-free functional stack-based

Answer 3

I don't know of any language that has exactly those capabilities. I can think of two that have a significant subset, though:

• D has type inference, garbage collection, and powerful metaprogramming facilities, yet compiles to efficient machine code. It does not have dynamic typing, however.
• C# can be compiled directly to machine code via the mono project. C# has a similar feature set to D, but again without dynamic typing.