I refer to the documentation at http://developer.android.com/guide/practices/ui_guidelines/icon_design.html#icon-sets
Hence, I plan to have the following directory struc
According to http://developer.android.com/design/style/iconography.html, the default launcher icon size should be 48 x 48 pixels.
The Android icon guidelines say that the baseline should be assumed to be mdpi, so if you're using the default drawable directory, images should be designed according to those guidelines (48x48 for launcher icons). According to the documentation:
The system assumes that default resources are designed for the baseline screen size and density, which is a normal screen size and a medium density. (from http://developer.android.com/guide/practices/screens_support.html)
There's a bit of information there regarding when images from the default drawable directory are used too, but nothing specific.
I don't think you need to supply an image in the drawable/
directory if you have populated drawable-ldpi/
drawable-mdpi/
and drawable-hdpi/
with launcher icons.
Android icon sizes
ldpi : 36x36px (120 dpi / 47 dpcm)
mdpi : 48x48px (160 dpi / 62 dpcm)
hdpi : 72x72px (240 dpi / 94 dpcm)
xhdpi : 96x96px (320 dpi / 126 dpcm)
xxhdpi : 144x144px (480 dpi / 189 dpcm)
xxxhdpi : 192x192px (640 dpi / 252 dpcm)
dip : 48x48dip (dip = dp)
mm : 76 mm (depends on the real device dpi)
iPhone icon sizes (dpi is a bit different on iPads)
non-retina : 57x57px (163 dpi / 64 dpcm)
retina : 114x114px (326 dpi / 128 dpcm)
mm : 89 mm
Maybe the following link will help you
http://developer.android.com/guide/practices/ui_guidelines/icon_design_launcher.html#size5
According to Icon Design launcher:
Launcher icon dimensions for high-density (hdpi) screens:
Full Asset: 72 x 72 px
Icon: 60 x 60 px
Square Icon: 56 x 56 px
Launcher icon dimensions for medium-density (mdpi) screens:
Full Asset: 48 x 48 px
Icon: 40 x 40 px
Square Icon: 38 x 38 px
Launcher icon dimensions for low-density (ldpi) screens:
Full Asset: 36 x 36 px
Icon: 30 x 30 px
Square Icon: 28 x 28 px