You don't have to maintain visual studio project files to manage your source code. There is a lot of pre generation tools to use to generate your visual studio project files. Such as CMake, Premake and more. This way you won't be driven crazy by the complicated VC projects settings, and it also bring the positibility to be cross-platform.
So in vim, you can split your project by physical folder, then use Cmake script to define the rule to generate projects.
When there is file added/removed, you re-generate your VC project, then call Cmake which will invoke msbuild to compile your projects.
You can use vim plugin YouCompleteMe for intelligence on compiler level.
You can write simple vim script to launch your compiled executable.
What else are you expecting for? :)