Styling not applied to vue web component during development

Question

While developing a Vue web component, the style is not applied to the web component, but added to the head of the document. This means that the style i

Answer 1

Based on the GitHub issue you linked, the solution is to set the shadowMode option in vue-loader and vue-style-loader. shadowMode is false by default in a Vue CLI project, but we can tweak that in vue.config.js.

First, we'd inspect the Webpack config to determine which loaders to change:

# run at project root
vue inspect

The command output reveals several loader configs with shadowMode: false:

/* config.module.rule('css') */
{
  test: /\.css$/,
  oneOf: [
    /* config.module.rule('css').oneOf('vue-modules') */
    {
      resourceQuery: /module/,
      use: [
        /* config.module.rule('css').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader') */
        {
          loader: 'vue-style-loader',
          options: {
            sourceMap: false,
            shadowMode: false  // <---
          }
        },
        /* ... */
      ]
    },
    /* ... */

full list of Webpack loader configs with shadowMode: false:

config.module.rule('vue').use('vue-loader')
config.module.rule('css').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('css').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('css').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('css').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('postcss').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('postcss').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('postcss').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('postcss').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('scss').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('scss').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('scss').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('scss').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('sass').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('sass').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('sass').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('sass').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('less').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('less').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('less').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('less').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('stylus').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('stylus').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('stylus').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader')
config.module.rule('stylus').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader')

So, we can set shadowMode: true for those configs in vue.config.js with this snippet:

function enableShadowCss(config) {
  const configs = [
    config.module.rule('vue').use('vue-loader'),
    config.module.rule('css').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('css').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('css').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('css').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('postcss').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('postcss').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('postcss').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('postcss').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('scss').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('scss').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('scss').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('scss').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('sass').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('sass').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('sass').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('sass').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('less').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('less').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('less').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('less').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('stylus').oneOf('vue-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('stylus').oneOf('vue').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('stylus').oneOf('normal-modules').use('vue-style-loader'),
    config.module.rule('stylus').oneOf('normal').use('vue-style-loader'),
  ];
  configs.forEach(c => c.tap(options => {
    options.shadowMode = true;
    return options;
  }));
}

module.exports = {
  // https://cli.vuejs.org/guide/webpack.html#chaining-advanced
  chainWebpack: config => {
    enableShadowCss(config);
  }
}

Creating <projectroot>/vue.config.js with the snippet above enables Shadow CSS in development mode in your project. See https://github.com/snirp/vue-web-component/pull/1.