Position by center point, rather than top-left point

Question

Is it possible to tell the code to position by the center point of an element, rather than by the top-left point? If my parent element has

width         


        

Answer 1

If the element must be absolutely positioned (so, margin: 0 auto; is of no use for centering), and scripting is out of the question, you could achieve this with CSS3 transforms.

.centered-block {
    width: 100px; 
    left: 50%; 
    -webkit-transform: translate(-50%, 0); 
    position: absolute;
}

See this fiddle for some examples. The important parts: left: 50%; pushes block halfway across its parent (so its left side is on the 50% mark, as you mentioned). transform: translate(-50%, 0); pulls the block half it's own width back along the x-axis (ie. to the left), which will place it right in the center of the parent.

Note that this is unlikely to be cross-browser compatible, and will still require a fall back of some sort for old browsers.

Answer 2

left:50% doesn't center the center of gravity of this div 50% to the left, it is the distance between the left border and the left border of the parent element, so basically you need to do some calculations.

left = Width(parent div) - [ Width(child div) + Width(left border) + Width(right border) ]

left = left / 2

So you can do a Javascript function...

function Position(var parentWidth, var childWith, var borderWidth)
{
      //Example parentWidth = 400, childWidth = 200, borderWidth = 1
      var left = (parentWidth - ( childWidth + borderWidth));
      left = left/2;
      document.getElementById("myDiv").style.left= left+"px";
}

Answer 3

Here's one way to center a text element in the middle of the container (using a header as an example

CSS:

.header {
     text-align: center;
     top: 50%;
     left: 50%;
     transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
     position: absolute;
}

It centers by a middle anchor point.

Answer 4

Stumbled upon this question, and I'd like to add another way to center content within a div.

By using the CSS3 display mode 'flexible box', as in setting the following CSS properties to the parent div

display: flex;
position: relative;
align-items: center;
justify-content:center;

And 'at least' setting the following properties to the child div

position:relative;

The browser will automatically center the contents within the parent div, unaffected by their width or height, this particularly comes in handy when you're developing something like an image grid or just want to remove the hassle of calculating a divs position, then having to recalculate it when you change your mind about the set-up of said div.

In my own work, I tend to set-up a class named

.center-center

With the properties I described for the parent div, then just add it to whatever element of which I need its contents centered.

I've created a JSFiddle to support this explanation, feel free to click on the red squares to see the positioning in action.

https://jsfiddle.net/f1Lfqrfs/

For multi-line support, you can add (or uncomment in the JSF) the following CSS property to the parent DIV

flex-wrap: wrap;

Answer 5

I got it working by using transform: translateX with calc for horizonally positioning by element center instead of top-left. Same trick can be used for vertical using transform: transformY. This will work with width of any type (try resizing)

Snippet: transform: translateX(calc(-50% + 223px));

Browser support: https://caniuse.com/#feat=transforms2d, https://caniuse.com/#feat=calc

Codepen for more examples: https://codepen.io/manikantag/pen/KJpxmN

Note on offsetLeft/offsetTop etc: el.offsetLeft will not given proper value for CSS transformed elements. You would require something like el.getBoundingClientRect().left - el.offsetLeft - el.parentNode.offsetLeft (as mentioned here)

Note about flow effect: as detailed in CSS Things That Don’t Occupy Space, transform doesn't effect the following element without considering the offset caused by transform. Sometimes this may not be the intended behavior. This can be fixed using negative margins if width/height are fixed (doesn't work if width/height are using %)

.left-positioned {
  margin-left: 223px;
  background-color: lightcoral;
}

.center-positioned {
  transform: translateX(calc(-50% + 223px)); /*=====> actual solution */
  background-color: cyan;
}

.with-width {
  width: 343px;
  background-color: lightgreen;
}


/* styles not related to actual solution */

div {
  resize: both;
  overflow: auto;
}

.container {
  background-color: lightgray;
}

.ele {
  display: inline-block;
  height: 70px;
  text-align: center;
}

<div class="container">
  <div class="ele left-positioned">Reference element (left at 223px)</div> <br/>
  <div class="ele center-positioned">^<br/>Center positioned element (center at 223px)</div> <br/>
  <div class="ele center-positioned with-width">^<br/>Center positioned element with width (center at 223px)</div>
</div>

Answer 6

If adding another element is an option, consider the following:

(View the following code live here)

HTML:

<div class="anchor" id="el1">
    <div class="object">
    </div>
</div>
<div class="anchor" id="el2">
    <div class="object">
    </div>
</div>

CSS:

/* CSS for all objects */

div.object
{
    width:               100%;
    height:              100%;
    position:            absolute;
    left:                -50%;
    top:                 -50%; /* to anchor at the top center point (as opposed to true center) set this to 0 or remove it all together */
}

div.anchor
{
    position:            absolute; /* (or relative, never static) */
}


/* CSS for specific objects */

div#el1
{
    /* any positioning and dimensioning properties for element 1 should go here */
    left:                100px;
    top:                 300px;
    width:               200px;
    height:              200px;
}

div#el2
{
    /* any positioning and dimensioning properties for element 2 should go here */
    left:                400px;
    top:                 500px;
    width:               100px;
    height:              100px;
}

div#el1 > div.object
{
    /* all other properties for element 1 should go here */
    background-color:    purple;
}

div#el2 > div.object
{
    /* all other properties for element 2 should go here */
    background-color:    orange;
}

Essentially what we're doing is setting up one object to define the position, width and height of the element, and then placing another one inside of it that gets offset by 50%, and gets it's parent dimensions (ie width: 100%).