I would like to synchronize a spoken recording against a known text. Is there a speech-to-text / natural language processing library that would facilitate this? I imagine I\'d
Forced Alignment
It sounds like you want to do forced alignment between your audio and the known text.
Pretty much all research/industry grade speech recognition systems will be able to do this, since forced alignment is an important part of training a recognition system on data that doesn't have phone level alignments between the audio and the transcript.
Alignment CMUSphinx
The Sphinx4-1.0 beta 5 release of CMU's open source speech recognition system now includes a demo on how to do alignment between a transcript and long speech recordings.