Meaning of X = X[:, 1] in Python

Question

I am studying this snippet of python code. What does X = X[:, 1] mean in last line?

def linreg(X,Y):
    # Running the linear regression
    X = sm.         


        

Answer 1

x = np.random.rand(3,2)

x
Out[37]: 
array([[ 0.03196827,  0.50048646],
       [ 0.85928802,  0.50081615],
       [ 0.11140678,  0.88828011]])

x = x[:,1]

x
Out[39]: array([ 0.50048646,  0.50081615,  0.88828011])

So what that line did is sliced the array, taking all rows (:) but keeping the second column (1)

Answer 2

Something you shoud know

The term you need to search for is slice. x[start:end:step] is the full form, Here we can omit to use a default value: start defaults to 0 , end defaults to the length of the list, and step defaults to 1. And hence x[:] means same as x[0:len(x):1]

Answer 3

it is simply like you are specifying the axis. Consider the starting column as 0 then as you go through 1,2 and so on.

The syntax is x[row_index,column_index]

you can also specify a range of row values as per need in row_index also eg:1:13 extracts first 13 rows along with whatever specified in column