I\'ve found links to several options on
New/recent/unmentioned discovery: VelocityDB which is a native .net implementation!
there are several capable .NET client libs for www.neo4j.org, see http://docs.neo4j.org/chunked/snapshot/tutorials-rest.html that let you access it from inside .NET. You might want to ask more questions on groups.google.com/group/neo4j/
/peter
Trinity is available for public now- http://www.graphengine.io/
Trying to implement a graph database in Mongo is a rabbit hole that's been tried before.
See this message from the TinkerPop user group:
Microsoft's Trinity graph is an internal project not available for download:
Neo4j Server (http://neo4j.org) paired with Romiko and Tatham's .NET client (http://hg.readify.net/neo4jclient/wiki/Home) is a popular combination.
Neo4j scales to more than 32 billion nodes (http://blog.neo4j.org/2011/03/neo4j-13-abisko-lampa-m04-size-really.html), and it has an active user group (https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups#!forum/neo4j).
And Neo4j Server is very similar to TinkerPop's Rexster.
In fact Peter Neubauer is one of the co-founders of both Neo4j and TinkerPop, and both projects have very similar APIs. So if TinkerPop is exactly what you want, except for the Java, then go with Neo4j Server and one of its .NET clients:
You can even run TinkerPop's Gremlin on Neo4j Server via its built-in Gremlin Plugin:
UPDATE: There is also Blueprints.NET - https://github.com/Vanaheimr/Blueprints.NET
Another option is DEX from Sparsity Technologies, that provides a native .NET API:
http://www.sparsity-technologies.com/dex
that you can download from:
http://www.sparsity-technologies.com/dex_downloads
2017 update: Cosmos DB now provides a good hybrid graph database solution in Azure. Cosmos DB used to be called Document DB until the Build conference in April 2017, when Microsoft announced graph and other capabilities. So you can use it as a classic document database, and you can now store your data as a graph and query it using TinkerPop/Gremlin. From .NET, you can query it using the Microsoft.Azure.Graphs API.
If you need to run outside of Azure, then you'll need to look at other options like Neo4j.