Head First SQL (O'Reilly) is excellent, whole series is great.
They start of with the basics (as do most books), covering syntax, database design and advanced querying.
Excrept:
2008 Jolt Productivity Award Winner!
Is your data dragging you down? Are your tables all tangled up? Well
we've got the tools to teach you just how to wrangle your databases
into submission. Using the latest research in neurobiology, cognitive
science, and learning theory to craft a multi-sensory SQL learning
experience, Head First SQL has a visually rich format designed for the
way your brain works, not a text-heavy approach that puts you to
sleep.
Maybe you've written some simple SQL queries to interact with
databases. But now you want more, you want to really dig into those
databases and work with your data. Head First SQL will show you the
fundamentals of SQL and how to really take advantage of it. We'll take
you on a journey through the language, from basic INSERT statements
and SELECT queries to hardcore database manipulation with indices,
joins, and transactions. We all know "Data is Power"—but we'll show
you how to have "Power over your Data". Expect to have fun, expect to
learn, and expect to be querying, normalizing, and joining your data
like a pro by the time you're finished reading!