R and SPSS difference

Question

I will be analysing vast amount of network traffic related data shortly, and will pre-process the data in order to analyse it. I have found that R and SPSS are among the most po

Answer 1

@Henrik, I did the same task you have mentioned (C++ and R) on SPSS. And it turned out that SPSS is faster compared to R on this one. In my case SPSS is aprox. 7 times faster. I am surprised about it.

Here is a code I used in SPSS.

data list free
 /x (f8.3).
begin data
1
end data.

comp n = 1e6.

comp t1 = $time.

loop #rep = 1 to 10.
comp x = 1.
loop #i=1 to n.
comp x = 1/(1+x).
end loop.
end loop.

comp t2 = $time.

comp elipsed = t2 - t1.

form elipsed (f8.2).

exe.

Answer 2

Well, are you a decent programmer? If you are, then it's worthwhile to learn R. You can do more with your data, both in terms of manipulation and statistical modeling, than you can with SPSS, and your graphs will likely be better too. On the other hand, if you've never really programmed before, or find the idea of spending several months becoming a programmer intimidating, you'll probably get more value out of SPSS. The level of stuff that you can do with R without diving into its power as a full-fledged programming language probably doesn't justify the effort.

There's another option -- collaborate. Do you know someone you can work with on your project (you don't say whether it's academic or industry, but either way...), who knows R well?

Answer 3

I work with both in a company and can say the following:

• If you have a large team of different people (not all data scientists), SPSS is useful because it is plain (relatively) to understand. For example, if users are going to run a model to get an output (sales estimates, etc), SPSS is clear and easy to use.

That said, I find R better in almost every other sense:

• R is faster (although, sometimes debatable)
• As stated previously, the syntax in SPSS is aweful (I can't stress this enough). On the other hand, R can be painful to learn, but there are tons of resources online and in the end it pays much more because of the different things you can do.
• Again, like everyone else says, the sky is the limit with R. Tons of packages, resources and more importantly: indepedence to do as you please. In my organization we have some very high level functions that get a lot done. The hard part is creating them once, but then they perform complicated tasks that SPSS would tangle in a never ending web of canvas. This is specially true for things like loops.

It is often overlooked, but R also has plenty of features to cooperate between teams (github integration with RStudio, and easy package building with devtools).

Actually, if everyone in your organization knows R, all you need is to maintain a basic package on github to share everything. This of course is not the norm, which is why I think SPSS, although a worst product, still has a market.

Answer 4

The initial workflow for SPSS involves justifying writing a big fat cheque. R is freely available.

R has a single language for 'scripting', but don't think of it like that, R is really a programming language with great data manipulation, statistics, and graphics functionality built in. SPSS has 'Syntax', 'Scripts' and is also scriptable in Python.

Another biggie is that SPSS squeezes its data into a spreadsheety table structure. Dealing with other data structures is probably very hard, but comes naturally to R. I wouldn't know where to start handling network graph type data in SPSS, but there's a package to do it for R.

Also with R you can integrate your workflow with your reporting by using Sweave - you write a document with embedded bits of R code that generate plots or tables, run the file through the system and out comes the report as a PDF. Great for when you want to do a weekly report, or you do a body of work and then the boss gives you an updated data set. Re-run, read it over, its done.

But you know, your call...

Answer 5

There's an interesting (and reasonably fair) comparison between a number of stats tools here

http://anyall.org/blog/2009/02/comparison-of-data-analysis-packages-r-matlab-scipy-excel-sas-spss-stata/

Answer 6

Here is something that I posted to the R-help mailing list a while back, but I think that it gives a good high level overview of the general difference in R and SPSS:

When talking about user friendlyness of computer software I like the analogy of cars vs. busses:

Busses are very easy to use, you just need to know which bus to get on, where to get on, and where to get off (and you need to pay your fare). Cars on the other hand require much more work, you need to have some type of map or directions (even if the map is in your head), you need to put gas in every now and then, you need to know the rules of the road (have some type of drivers licence). The big advantage of the car is that it can take you a bunch of places that the bus does not go and it is quicker for some trips that would require transfering between busses.

Using this analogy programs like SPSS are busses, easy to use for the standard things, but very frustrating if you want to do something that is not already preprogrammed.

R is a 4-wheel drive SUV (though environmentally friendly) with a bike on the back, a kayak on top, good walking and running shoes in the pasenger seat, and mountain climbing and spelunking gear in the back.

R can take you anywhere you want to go if you take time to leard how to use the equipment, but that is going to take longer than learning where the bus stops are in SPSS.

There are GUIs for R that make it a bit easier to use, but also limit the functionality that can be used that easily. SPSS does have scripting which takes it beyond being a mere bus, but the general phylosophy of SPSS steers people towards the GUI rather than the scripts.