Fastest way to zero out a 2d array in C?

Question

I want to repeatedly zero a large 2d array in C. This is what I do at the moment:

// Array of size n * m, where n may not equal m
for(j = 0; j < n; j++)
{
            


        

Answer 1

How was your 2D array declared?

If it something like:

int arr[20][30];

You can zero it by doing:

memset(arr, sizeof(int)*20*30);

Answer 2

You can try this

int array[20,30] = {{0}};

Answer 3

Well, the fastest way to do it is to not do it at all.

Sounds odd I know, here's some pseudocode:

int array [][];
bool array_is_empty;


void ClearArray ()
{
   array_is_empty = true;
}

int ReadValue (int x, int y)
{
   return array_is_empty ? 0 : array [x][y];
}

void SetValue (int x, int y, int value)
{
   if (array_is_empty)
   {
      memset (array, 0, number of byte the array uses);
      array_is_empty = false;
   }
   array [x][y] = value;
}

Actually, it's still clearing the array, but only when something is being written to the array. This isn't a big advantage here. However, if the 2D array was implemented using, say, a quad tree (not a dynamic one mind), or a collection of rows of data, then you can localise the effect of the boolean flag, but you'd need more flags. In the quad tree just set the empty flag for the root node, in the array of rows just set the flag for each row.

Which leads to the question "why do you want to repeatedly zero a large 2d array"? What is the array used for? Is there a way to change the code so that the array doesn't need zeroing?

For example, if you had:

clear array
for each set of data
  for each element in data set
    array += element 

that is, use it for an accumulation buffer, then changing it like this would improve the performance no end:

 for set 0 and set 1
   for each element in each set
     array = element1 + element2

 for remaining data sets
   for each element in data set
     array += element 

This doesn't require the array to be cleared but still works. And that will be far faster than clearing the array. Like I said, the fastest way is to not do it in the first place.

Answer 4

If you initialize the array with malloc, use calloc instead; it will zero your array for free. (Same perf obviously as memset, just less code for you.)

Answer 5

int array[N][M] = {0};

...at least in GCC 4.8.

Answer 6

I think that the fastest way to do it by hand is following code. You can compare it's speed to memset function, but it shouldn't be slower.

(change type of ptr and ptr1 pointers if your array type is different then int)

#define SIZE_X 100
#define SIZE_Y 100

int *ptr, *ptr1;
ptr = &array[0][0];
ptr1 = ptr + SIZE_X*SIZE_Y*sizeof(array[0][0]);

while(ptr < ptr1)
{
    *ptr++ = 0;
}